PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian Subages	Cambrian of Siberia			Devonian of Germany	Ten Million Year Bins	European Faunal Zones	European Faunal Units	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene													0.129
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene													0.774
		Gelasian						Early Pleistocene							MN 17						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene							MN 16	Villanyian					2.58
															MN 16	Ruscinian					3.1 *
															MN 15						3.2
		Zanclean						Early Pliocene							MN 15						3.6
															MN 14						4.2
															MN 13						4.9
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene							MN 13	Turolian					5.333
		Tortonian													MN 12						7.246
															MN 11						7.75
															MN 10	Vallesian					8.7
															MN 9						9.7
															MN 7 + 8						11.1
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene						Cenozoic 5	MN 7 + 8	Astaracian					11.63
		Serravallian													MN 6						12.8 *
		Langhian													MN 5						13.82
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene							MN 4	Orleanian					15.98
															MN 3	Orleanian					16.9
															MN 2	Agenian					20
		Aquitanian													MN 2						20.44
		Aquitanian													MN 1						22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene						Cenozoic 4							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene						Cenozoic 4							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene						Cenozoic 3							33.9
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene						Cenozoic 3							37.71
		Lutetian						Middle Eocene						Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene						Cenozoic 2							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene						Cenozoic 1							56
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene													59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian												Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian												Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian												Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian												Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian												Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian												Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian												Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian												Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian												Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian												Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian												Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian												Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												Jurassic 3							174.7
		Pliensbachian												Jurassic 2							184.2
		Sinemurian												Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian												Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian												Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian												Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	251.902
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian		Kazanian		Povolzhian	Permian 3		266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian		Sokian	Permian 3		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	Permian 2		273.01
						Filipovian			276.5 *
						Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian		Sarginian			283.5
						Irginian			285.9 *
						Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian		Shikhanian	Permian 1		293.52
						Uskalykian			294.8
						Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian					Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	Devonian 5	358.9
							Middle Famennian				365.3 *
							Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian		Adorf	Devonian 4	372.2
							Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
							Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian		Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
							Middle Givetian				383.7 *
							Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				Emsian	Devonian 2	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				Siegen	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				Gedinnine		410.8
			Middle Lochkovian						412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian						415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian								Gamachian	445.2
										Richmondian	446 *
										Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
										Edenian		450.4 *
									Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4		Chatfieldian		453
										Turinian		453.7 *
									Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3					458.4
		Dapingian						Ordovician 2					467.3
		Dapingian								Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian								Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Ordovician 1		Tulean				477.7
										Stairsian				480.3 *
										Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
					Mansian †								Demingian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian			Tavgian †			Ketyan †/Yurakian	Cambrian 5				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	487.5
																	Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																489.5
					Aksaian													490.7 *
					Sakian													492.2 *
																	Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian																494
		Paibian									Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian							494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †			Ayusokkanian								Cambrian 4	St Davids		497
		Guzhangian						Mayan/Menevian											499.5
		Drumian						Mayan/Menevian											500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †								Amgan/Solvan			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Amgan/Solvan	Caerfai			509
				Toyonian		Lenian †					510 *
				Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3		Botomian							Cambrian 2					514
		Stage 3		Atdabanian												515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian												521
		Stage 2		Nemakit-Daldynian												525.5
		Fortunian		Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †					Cambrian 1					529
																					538.8