PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of China		Mesozoic Subages		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Silurian of North America			Cambrian Epochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Chibanian																		Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																		Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																		Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																		Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																		Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															Yushean		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																		Waipipian	3.6
																				Opoitian	3.7
																		Baodean		Opoitian	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian																	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																		Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																		Tongaporutuan	7.246
																			Southland	Waiauan	11.04
																		Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Serravallian																		Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																Shanwangian		Lillburnian	13.82
																				Clifdenian	15.1
																			Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																			15.98
																		Xiejiaan			16.9
																				Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																		Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																	Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		Waitakian	23.03
																				Duntroonian	25.2
																				Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
																			Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																				Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian																		Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																		Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian																		Bortonian	41.2
																			Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																				Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian																		Heretaungan	47.8
																				Mangaorapan	48.9
																				Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		Teurian	56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian										Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian										Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian											89.8
																				Mangaotanean	90.5
																				Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian										Arowhanan	93.9
																			Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																				Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian										Motuan	100.5
										Late Albian										Urutawan	103.3
										Middle Albian										Urutawan	106.2 *
										Middle Albian									Taitai	Korangan	108.4
										Early Albian											109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian	113
				Late Aptian		117.5
				Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
				Late Bajocian					Humphresianum	168.4
				Early Bajocian					Humphresianum	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
				Late Toarcian						180.1
				Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
				Middle Toarcian				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182
				Early Toarcian				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								201.4
		Norian		Sevatian						208.5
				Alaunian						213.2 *
				Lacian						216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian						227
		Carnian		Julian						233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian						237
		Ladinian		Fassanian						239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian						242
				Pelsonian						243.8 *
				Bithynian						244.7 *
				Aegean						245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian						247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian						248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian						251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian						251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								251.902
		Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								Severodvinian		Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian								Urzhumian		Wordian	264.28
		Roadian								Kazanian	Povolzhian	Roadian	266.9
		Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian	Roadian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
											Filipovian			276.5 *
											Saraninian			280.1 *
											Saraninian		Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
											Irginian			285.9 *
											Irginian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
											Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian								Asselian	Shikhanian		Nealian	293.52
											Uskalykian			294.8
											Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
		Kasimovian											303.7
		Moscovian											307
		Bashkirian											315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian											323.2
		Visean											330.9
		Tournaisian											346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian											358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian						433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
									Alexandrian				438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton						440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian											445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ungurian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Niuchehean					Taoyuanian †	Late Cambrian	Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian						Jiangshanian							Batyrbaian	489.5
															Aksaian	490.7 *
															Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian						Paibian								494
		Paibian						Paibian					Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †					Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian											Guzhangian				499.5
		Drumian											Drumian			Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian											Drumian			Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †										Wuliuan/Taijangian			Tuesaian	504.5
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †										Wuliuan/Taijangian			505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4											Duyunian		Early Cambrian	509
				Toyonian												510 *
				Botomian												512.5 *
		Stage 3		Botomian									Nangaoian			514
		Stage 3		Atdabanian									Nangaoian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Meishucunian									Tommotian			521
		Stage 2														525.5
		Fortunian														529
		Fortunian		Jinnigian												530.7
																					538.8