PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Ordovician of North America						Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran	Cenozoic 6										0
		Northgrippian																									0.0042
		Greenlandian																									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																									0.0117
		Chibanian																									0.129
		Chibanian														Castlecliffian											0.34
		Calabrian														Castlecliffian											0.774
		Calabrian														Nukumaruan											1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan											1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian											2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Mangapanian											2.58
		Piacenzian														Waipipian											3
		Zanclean														Waipipian											3.6
		Zanclean														Opoitian											3.7
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean											5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan											7.2
		Tortonian														Tongaporutuan											7.246
		Tortonian													Southland	Waiauan											11.04
		Serravallian														Waiauan	Cenozoic 5										11.63
		Serravallian														Lillburnian											13.05
		Langhian														Lillburnian											13.82
																Clifdenian											15.1
															Pareora	Altonian											15.9
		Burdigalian														Altonian											15.98
		Burdigalian														Otaian											18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian											20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian											21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Waitakian	Cenozoic 4										23.03
																Duntroonian											25.2
																Whaingaroan											27.3
		Rupelian																									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Cenozoic 3										33.9
															Arnold	Runangan											34.6
																Kaiatan											36.7
		Bartonian														Kaiatan											37.71
		Bartonian														Bortonian											39.1
		Lutetian														Bortonian	Cenozoic 2										41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan											42.6
																Heretaungan											45.7
		Ypresian														Heretaungan											47.8
																Mangaorapan											48.9
																Waipawan											52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Teurian	Cenozoic 1										56
		Selandian																									59.2
		Danian																									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Mata	Haumurian	Cretaceous 8										66
		Campanian														Haumurian	Cretaceous 7										72.1
		Santonian														Piripauan	Cretaceous 6										83.6
		Santonian													Raukumara	Teratan											86.1
		Coniacian																									86.3
		Turonian																									89.8
																Mangaotanean											90.5
																Arowhanan											93.7
		Cenomanian														Arowhanan	Cretaceous 5										93.9
															Clarence	Ngaterian											95.2
																Motuan											99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Motuan	Cretaceous 4										100.5
																Urutawan											103.3
															Taitai	Korangan											108.4
		Aptian														Korangan	Cretaceous 3										113
		Aptian															Cretaceous 3										117.5
		Barremian															Cretaceous 2										121.4
		Hauterivian															Cretaceous 2										125.77
		Valanginian															Cretaceous 1										132.6
		Berriasian		139.8													Cretaceous 1
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5	149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian			Jurassic 4	168.2
		Aalenian			Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Jurassic 3	174.7
		Pliensbachian			Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian			Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian			Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian			Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian			Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4	251.902
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian						Urzhumian	Wordian	264.28
		Roadian			Kazanian		Povolzhian	Permian 3	Roadian	266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian		Sokian	Permian 3	Roadian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	Permian 2	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
							Filipovian				276.5 *
							Saraninian				280.1 *
							Saraninian			Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian		Sarginian				283.5
							Irginian				285.9 *
							Irginian		Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
							Burtsevian				287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian				290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		Tastubian				291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian		Shikhanian	Permian 1		Nealian	293.52
							Uskalykian				294.8
							Surenian				297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Kasimovian						Carboniferous 5			303.7
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian						Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean						Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko					Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec					Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian					Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian	Pragian					Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian					Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2			Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli										Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1				Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
											Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Cincinnatian				Gamachian			Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian						Gamachian							445.2
								Richmondian							446 *
								Maysvillian							Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian								450.4 *
				Mohawkian				Chatfieldian								451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian			Ordovician 4					453
								Turinian								453.7 *
				Whiterockian											Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									Ordovician 3						458.4
		Dapingian									Ordovician 2						467.3
		Dapingian						Rangerian									469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian				Blackhillsian								Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Tulean										473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean			Ordovician 1							477.7
								Stairsian										480.3 *
								Skullrockian									Demingian †	482 *
																	Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10															Cambrian 5	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																			Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					Sunwaptan	487.5
																			Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian				489.5
						Aksaian															490.7 *
						Sakian															492.2 *
																					Steptoean			493 *
																			Maentwrogian					493.1 *
		Paibian																						494
		Paibian																					Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †											Cambrian 4	St Davids		Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian																				Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian																				Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3		Topazan			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †					Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																Caerfai			Waucoban †					509
																							Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
																						Dyeran	Toyonian			511 *
																							Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3																		Cambrian 2						514
					Montezuman		514.8 *
					Montezuman		Atdabanian			515.6 *
					Begadean		Atdabanian			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian			521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian		Cambrian 1	Manykaian †										529
																											538.8