PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of North America		Carboniferous of North America	Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian of Eastern North America		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian									Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian									Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian									Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Late Pliocene						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian									Late Miocene						7.246
		Serravallian									Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian									Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian									Early Miocene						15.98
		Aquitanian									Early Miocene						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian									Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian									Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian									Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian									Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian									Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian													Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian													Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Coniacian													Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian													Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian													Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Late Albian		100.5
															Middle Albian		106.2 *
															Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian													Late Aptian		113
		Aptian													Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian													Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian													Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian													Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian													Late Berriasian		139.8
															Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
															Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian													Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian													Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Kimmeridgian													Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
		Oxfordian													Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian														Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian													Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian													Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian													Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian													Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													Late Toarcian		174.7
															Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
															Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian													Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian													Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian													Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian													Sevatian		208.5
															Alaunian		213.2 *
															Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian													Tuvalian		227
		Carnian													Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													Longobardian		237
		Ladinian													Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian													Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian	Wordian	264.28
		Roadian				Kazanian	Povolzhian	Roadian	266.9
		Roadian				Kazanian	Sokian	Roadian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
							Filipovian			276.5 *
							Saraninian			280.1 *
							Saraninian		Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
							Irginian			285.9 *
							Irginian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
			Burtsevian				287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian			Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian			Shikhanian	Nealian		Bursumian †	293.52
						Uskalykian				294.8
						Surenian				297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian							Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian							Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian							Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian							Atokan	315.2
		Bashkirian							Morrowan	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chesterian	323.2
		Visean							Chesterian	330.9
									Meramecian	335.8 *
									Osagean	343.1 *
		Tournaisian							Osagean	346.7
		Tournaisian							Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Southwoodian	Cazenovian	Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian										Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian										Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian											445.2
		Sandbian											453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian											467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian											477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											485.4
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †									504.5
																	509