PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of North America	Silurian of England		Cambrian Epochs	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of Western Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																				5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
		Serravallian																				11.63
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian																				15.98
		Aquitanian																				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
		Bartonian																				37.71
		Lutetian																				41.2
		Ypresian																				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																				56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			Senonian	66
		Campanian																				72.1
		Santonian																				83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian																				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			Gallic	100.5
		Aptian																				113
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																			Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian																				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																				145
		Kimmeridgian																				149.2
		Oxfordian																				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																				161.5
		Bathonian																				165.3
		Bajocian						Epizigzagiceras														168.2
		Bajocian						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense														168.4
		Aalenian						Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta														174.7
								Planulata														179.3 *
								Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi												179.8 *
								Kanense														181.3 *
								Carlottense														182.3 *
								Kunae														183.5 *
		Pliensbachian						Kunae														184.2
								Freboldi														185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras													186.2 *
									Tetraspidoceras													189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis													190.3 *
		Sinemurian																				192.9
								Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras												196.4 *
								Franziceras/Euphyllites														196.5 *
		Hettangian						Franziceras/Euphyllites														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																				201.4
		Norian																				208.5
		Carnian																				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																				251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																Zechstein		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †		Tatarian	Vyatkian													Zechstein		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian								Capitanian					Rotliegendes		259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian								Wordian							264.28
		Roadian			Kazanian	Povolzhian	Roadian				266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian	Sokian	Roadian				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Leonardian				Cathedralian	273.01
						Filipovian						276.5 *
						Saraninian						280.1 *
						Saraninian					Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian						Autunian	283.5
						Irginian							285.9 *
						Irginian	Wolfcampian				Lenoxian		286.1 *
						Burtsevian							287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian							290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian							291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian	Shikhanian					Nealian		293.52
						Uskalykian							294.8
						Surenian							297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
		Kasimovian										Late Pennsylvanian		303.7
		Moscovian	Middle Pennsylvanian									307
		Bashkirian	Early Pennsylvanian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian									323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian									330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli											Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										Coalbrookdale		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian													425.6
		Gorstian												Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian												Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian										Wych		Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian													430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian													433.4
		Telychian													436.3 *
		Aeronian													438.5
		Aeronian										Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
		Rhuddanian										Cowleigh Park			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Harju			Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian													Pirgu		Rawtheyan	445.2
																	Cautleyan	448.9 *
																	Pusgillian	449.3 *
															Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
															Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
												Viru			Rakvere					450.6 *
															Rakvere		Cheneyan			451.5 *
									Oandu						452 *		Cheneyan
									Oandu						Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian						Keila	Idavere †	453
								Keila		Actonian †							453.2 *
								Haljala		Actonian †							453.9
										Marshbrookian †							Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †								455.2 *
								Kukruse										456.4 *
															Aurelucian			456.8 *
										Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian								457.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian								457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		Llanvirn					Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
				Lasnamagi				458.9 *
				Aseri				460.4 *
				Aseri				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
				Oeland								Kunda			462.9 *
									Valaste †/Hunderum			Kunda			464.3 *
												Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka			467.1 *
		Dapingian																467.3
								Arenig		Fennian								468.4 *
												Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian																470
									Latorp †									470.1 *
										Whitlandian								471.1 *
										Whitlandian		Hunneberg						473.7 *
										Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian						Tremadoc		Migneintian								477.7
										Cressagian								480.8 *
												Varangu						481.3 *
					Pakerort	482.2 *
								485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian	485.4
										486.3 *
										486.5
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †						Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
																						538.8