PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		South American Land Mammal Ages		Carboniferous of North America	Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cambrian of China	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Lujanian										0.0117
		Chibanian						Lujanian										0.129
		Chibanian						Ensenadan										0.3 *
		Calabrian						Ensenadan										0.774
		Calabrian						Sanandresian	Uquian †									1.7 *
		Gelasian						Sanandresian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Vorohuean										2.58
		Piacenzian						Chapadmalalan										2.9 *
		Zanclean						Chapadmalalan										3.6
								Montehermosan										3.7 *
								Huayquerian										4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
								Chasicoan										7.9 *
								Mayoan										9.9 *
								Laventan										10.9 *
		Serravallian						Laventan			Cenozoic 5							11.63
		Serravallian						Colloncuran										13.7 *
		Langhian						Colloncuran										13.82
		Langhian						Friasian										15.4 *
		Burdigalian						Friasian										15.98
								Santacrucian										16.2 *
								Colhuehuapian										17.4 *
		Aquitanian						Colhuehuapian										20.44
		Aquitanian						Deseadan										20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Cenozoic 4							23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian						Tinguirirican										28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian						Tinguirirican			Cenozoic 3							33.9
		Priabonian						Divisaderan										35.9 *
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian									Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Lutetian						Mustersan										41.9 *
		Ypresian						Mustersan										47.8
		Ypresian						Casamayoran										47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Riochican			Cenozoic 1							56
								Itaboraian										56.9 *
								Peligran										58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian						Tiupampan										62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					Cretaceous 8						Senonian	66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian					Cretaceous 4						Gallic	100.5
						Middle Albian												106.2 *
						Early Albian												109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian					Cretaceous 3							113
		Aptian				Early Aptian					Cretaceous 3							119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian					Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					Cretaceous 2						Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian												139.8
						Middle Berriasian												140.6 *
						Early Berriasian												142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				Jurassic 6							145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				Jurassic 6							146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian					Jurassic 5							149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian	152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian			174.7
				Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
				Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Sevatian			208.5
				Alaunian			213.2 *
				Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian		Triassic 3	227
		Carnian		Julian		Triassic 3	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian		Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian			243.8 *
				Bithynian			244.7 *
				Aegean			245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian		Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian			248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian			251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian			251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian				Bursumian †			Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Virgilian			Carboniferous 5	Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Missourian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian				Desmoinesian					305.9 *
		Moscovian				Desmoinesian			Carboniferous 4		307
		Moscovian				Atokan					312.7 *
		Bashkirian	315.2			Atokan
		Bashkirian	Morrowan			318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian			Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean	Chesterian			Carboniferous 2		330.9
			Meramecian					335.8 *
			Osagean					343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean			Carboniferous 1		346.7
		Tournaisian	Kinderhookian			Carboniferous 1		351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Devonian 5		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4		Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3		Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3		Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2		Emsian	393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1		Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1		Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	Kosovian			443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian			Bohdalec †		445.2
		Katian				Berounian					449.7 *
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4						453
											Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3								458.4
						Dobrotivian							458.5 *
						Oretanian							459.7 *
									Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian			Ordovician 2				Klabava †				467.3
		Dapingian				Arenigian							468
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Arenigian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	Tremadocian							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5								Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian											Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian											Paibian		494
		Paibian											Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †								Cambrian 4	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian											Cambrian 4	Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †						Cambrian 3	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Cambrian 3	Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3											Cambrian 2	Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Cambrian 2	Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian											Cambrian 1	Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian											Cambrian 1	Jinnigian		530.7
																		538.8