PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		European Faunal Units	Permian Subages of Germany	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Ordovician of North America						Cambrian of Siberia
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Villanyian												2.58
		Piacenzian						Ruscinian												3.1 *
		Zanclean						Ruscinian												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Turolian												5.333
		Tortonian						Turolian												7.246
		Tortonian						Vallesian												8.7
		Serravallian						Astaracian												11.63
		Langhian						Astaracian												13.82
		Burdigalian						Orleanian												15.98
		Burdigalian						Agenian												20
		Aquitanian						Agenian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian														72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian														100.5
						Middle Albian														106.2 *
						Early Albian														109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian														113
		Aptian				Early Aptian														119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian														139.8
						Middle Berriasian														140.6 *
						Early Berriasian														142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian													145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian													146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian														152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian													154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian													157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian														168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian														168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian														174.7
						Middle Toarcian														180.4 *
						Early Toarcian														182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian				Sevatian														208.5
						Alaunian														213.2 *
						Lacian														216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian														227
		Carnian				Julian														233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian														237
		Ladinian				Fassanian														239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian														242
						Pelsonian														243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Buntsandstein	Longtanian †			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Ohre/Aller			259.51
		Wordian				Leine			264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
		Asselian						Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Kuzel	298.9
								Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
									Stephanian B	300.9 *
									Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian	303.7						Stephanian A
		Kasimovian	Cantabrian						305 *
		Moscovian	Cantabrian						307
			Westphalian					Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
								Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian						Westphalian B	315.2
								Westphalian A	317 *
			Namurian					Yeadonian	318.8 *
								Marsdenian	320.2 *
								Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
								Alportian	322 *
								Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Chokierian	323.2
								Arnsbergian	324 *
								Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian					Brigantian †	330.9
			Livian					Asbian †	336.3 *
			Moliniacian					Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian						346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian						353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Late Famennian	358.9
									Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian		372.2
							Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
							Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Srbsko		Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian					Chotec		Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Chotec		Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian		Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian		Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian					Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian	410.8
									Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
									Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian									Gamachian	445.2
											Richmondian	446 *
											Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Edenian							450.4 *
				Mohawkian						Chatfieldian	451.1 *
		Sandbian			453					Chatfieldian
					Turinian					453.7 *
				Whiterockian		Canadian †				Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian			Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian			Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean							477.7
					Stairsian							480.3 *
					Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
											Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
												Aksaian					490.7 *
												Sakian					492.2 *
																Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian			Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian											Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian											Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †					Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Waucoban †		509
														Toyonian		Lenian †			510 *
														Toyonian				Dyeran	511 *
														Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3																	514
																		Montezuman	514.8 *
								Atdabanian								515.6 *		Montezuman
								Atdabanian								Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian					521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian					Manykaian †						529
																				538.8