PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian Epochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Silurian of the Baltic	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Wanganui	Haweran		Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan										Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Late Pleistocene										Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian										Rancholabrean	0.129
												Irvingtonian	0.21
										Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian											0.774
												Blancan	1.4
										Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian								Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian								Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian								Waipipian			3
		Zanclean								Waipipian			3.6
										Opoitian			3.7
										Opoitian		Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian								Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian											7.246
												Clarendonian	9.4
									Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian											11.63
												Barstovian	12.5
										Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian								Lillburnian			13.82
										Clifdenian			15.1
									Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian											15.98
												Hemingfordian	16.3
												Arikareean	18.5
										Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian								Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian							Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Waitakian			23.03
										Duntroonian			25.2
										Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
												Whitneyan	29.5
												Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian										Chadronian	33.9
									Arnold	Runangan			34.6
										Kaiatan			36.7
												Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian											37.71
										Bortonian			39.1
												Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian											41.2
									Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
										Heretaungan			45.7
												Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian											47.8
										Mangaorapan			48.9
										Mangaorapan		Wasatchian	50.5
										Waipawan		Wasatchian	52
										Waipawan		Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Teurian		Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian										Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian										Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian										Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian										Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian										Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian		Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian		Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian		Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian		Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian		Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian				89.8
						Mangaotanean		90.5
						Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian		Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		Arowhanan		93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
						Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Late Albian		Motuan		100.5
				Late Albian		Urutawan		103.3
				Middle Albian		Urutawan		106.2 *
				Middle Albian	Taitai	Korangan		108.4
				Early Albian				109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian				113
				Late Aptian				117.5
				Early Aptian				119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian				139.8
				Middle Berriasian				140.6 *
				Early Berriasian				142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian					152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian					168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian					168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian					174.7
				Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
				Early Toarcian					182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							201.4
		Norian		Sevatian					208.5
				Alaunian					213.2 *
				Lacian					216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian					227
		Carnian		Julian					233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian					237
		Ladinian		Fassanian					239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian					242
				Pelsonian					243.8 *
				Bithynian					244.7 *
				Aegean					245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian					247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian					248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian					251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian					251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare			419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma			421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare			423
		Ludfordian	Paadla			423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula			Gleedonian	427.4
			Jaagarahu			Gleedonian	429.2 *
						Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani				431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani				433.4
		Telychian	Adavere				434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere				438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju		Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Pirgu	445.2
							Vormsi	449.6 *
							Nabala	Johvi †		450 *
					Viru		Rakvere			450.6 *
							Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian					Keila	Idavere †		453
							Haljala			453.9
							Kukruse			456.4 *
							Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku			458.4
							Lasnamagi			458.9 *
							Aseri			460.4 *
					Oeland		Kunda			462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
							Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Volkhov				467.3
		Dapingian					Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
								Latorp †			470.1 *
							Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian					Hunneberg				477.7
							Varangu				481.3 *
							Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Pakerort	Late Cambrian				485.4
							486.3 *
							486.5
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Early Cambrian			509
	Series 2	Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
													538.8