PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				European Faunal Units	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Siberia		Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Chibanian														Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian														Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian														Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Villanyian		Mangapanian				2.58
														Villanyian		Waipipian				3
														Ruscinian						3.1 *
		Zanclean																		3.6
		Zanclean														Opoitian				3.7
	Miocene	Messinian												Turolian	Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian																		7.246
														Vallesian						8.7
														Vallesian	Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian												Astaracian		Waiauan				11.63
		Serravallian														Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian														Lillburnian				13.82
																Clifdenian				15.1
															Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian												Orleanian		Altonian				15.98
														Orleanian		Otaian				18.7
														Agenian						20
		Aquitanian																		20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Waitakian				23.03
																Duntroonian				25.2
																Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
															Arnold	Runangan				34.6
																Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian														Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian														Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian														Bortonian				41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
																Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian														Heretaungan				47.8
																Mangaorapan				48.9
																Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Teurian				56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian										Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian										Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian														89.8
																Mangaotanean				90.5
																Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian										Arowhanan				93.9
															Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
																Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian										Motuan				100.5
						Late Albian										Urutawan				103.3
						Middle Albian										Urutawan				106.2 *
						Middle Albian									Taitai	Korangan				108.4
						Early Albian														109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian	113
				Late Aptian		117.5
				Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian						149.2
				Late Kimmeridgian			Kawhia	Ohauan		150
				Early Kimmeridgian				Ohauan		152.2 *
				Early Kimmeridgian				Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian						168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian						174.7
				Late Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan		176
				Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
				Early Toarcian						182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian						184.2
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian		Sevatian				Warepan		208.5
				Alaunian						213.2 *
				Lacian						216.7 *
								Otamitan		217
								Oretian		221
		Carnian		Tuvalian				Oretian		227
				Tuvalian			Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
				Julian						233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian						237
				Longobardian				Etalian		238
				Fassanian						239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian						242
				Pelsonian						243.8 *
				Bithynian						244.7 *
				Aegean						245.5 *
				Aegean				Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian	247.2
			Smithian	248.9 *
			Smithian	Nelsonian				249
		Induan	Dienerian					251.2
			Griesbachian					251.4 *
			Griesbachian	DUrville			Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian					Waiitian	Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Puruhauan	Longtanian †		254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Aparima	Flettian		259.51
		Wordian						Flettian		264.28
		Wordian						Barettian		266
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian						Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian						Mangapirian		283.5
					Telfordian			285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian				Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
						Kralodvorian				Richmondian		446 *
						Berounian				Richmondian		449.7 *
										Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
										Edenian			450.4 *
									Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian								Chatfieldian			453
										Turinian			453.7 *
										Turinian			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Whiterockian			Canadian †	Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
						Dobrotivian										458.5 *
						Oretanian										459.7 *
											Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †					467.3
						Arenigian										468
										Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian								Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tremadocian				Tulean							477.7
										Stairsian							480.3 *
										Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
																Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Batyrbaian			Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			485.4
		Stage 10								487.5
		Jiangshanian								489.5
										Aksaian		490.7 *
										Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian		494
		Paibian		Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian								494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †						Ayusokkanian						497
		Guzhangian								Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian								Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †						Amgan/Solvan			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Amgan/Solvan			509
												Toyonian				Lenian †			510 *
					Botomian		512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian		514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian							515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian							521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian							525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
																				538.8