PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic		European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Chibanian							Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian							Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan			MN 17	1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian			MN 17	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Mangapanian			MN 16	2.58
									Waipipian			MN 16	3
												MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean											3.6
									Opoitian				3.7
												MN 14	4.2
												MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian										MN 12	7.246
												MN 11	7.75
												MN 10	8.7
												MN 9	9.7
								Southland	Waiauan			MN 9	11.04
												MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian										MN 7 + 8	11.63
												MN 6	12.8 *
									Lillburnian			MN 6	13.05
		Langhian							Lillburnian			MN 5	13.82
									Clifdenian				15.1
								Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian										MN 4	15.98
												MN 3	16.9
									Otaian			MN 3	18.7
												MN 2	20
		Aquitanian											20.44
								Landon	Waitakian				21.7
												MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
									Duntroonian				25.2
									Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
								Arnold	Runangan				34.6
									Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian							Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian							Bortonian				41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
									Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian							Heretaungan				47.8
									Mangaorapan				48.9
									Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian				56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian							89.8
									Mangaotanean				90.5
									Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian		Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian	93.9				Arowhanan
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Late Albian		Motuan	100.5
				Late Albian		Urutawan	103.3
				Middle Albian		Urutawan	106.2 *
				Middle Albian	Taitai	Korangan	108.4
				Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian			113
				Late Aptian			117.5
				Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian			139.8
				Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
				Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras	168.2
				Late Bajocian				Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
				Early Bajocian				Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
								Planulata	179.3 *
									Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
				Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
								Kanense		181.3 *
								Carlottense		182.3 *
				Early Toarcian				Carlottense		182.9 *
				Early Toarcian				Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				Kunae		184.2
								Freboldi		185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
										Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian							192.9
								Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
								Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian		Sevatian							208.5
				Alaunian							213.2 *
				Lacian							216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian							227
		Carnian		Julian							233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian							237
		Ladinian		Fassanian							239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian							242
				Pelsonian							243.8 *
			Bithynian	244.7 *
			Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian	Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan	Dienerian	251.2
		Induan	Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian				Pirgu	445.2
						Vormsi	449.6 *
						Nabala	Johvi †				450 *
					Viru	Rakvere					450.6 *
						Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †				453
						Haljala					453.9
						Kukruse					456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †				457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku					458.4
						Lasnamagi					458.9 *
						Aseri					460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda					462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
						Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov					467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
							Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg			477.7
						Varangu			481.3 *
						Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort			485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						504.5
													509