PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cretaceous Subepochs	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia		Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian							33.9
		Bartonian											Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan							37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian												Bumbanian						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Gashatan							56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Senonian												66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian														72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian		Gallic												100.5
						Middle Albian														106.2 *
						Early Albian														109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian														113
		Aptian				Early Aptian														119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		Neocomian												125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian														139.8
						Middle Berriasian														140.6 *
						Early Berriasian														142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian													145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian													146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian														152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian													154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian													157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian														168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian														168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian														174.7
						Middle Toarcian														180.4 *
						Early Toarcian														182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian				Sevatian														208.5
						Alaunian														213.2 *
						Lacian														216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian														227
		Carnian				Julian														233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian														237
		Ladinian				Fassanian														239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian														242
						Pelsonian														243.8 *
						Bithynian														244.7 *
						Aegean														245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Spathian														247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †			298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †			303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian						393.3
		Pragian	Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian		Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
								Kralodvorian		Richmondian		446 *
								Berounian		Richmondian		449.7 *
										Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Edenian			450.4 *
							Mohawkian		Chatfieldian	451.1 *
		Sandbian							Chatfieldian	453
									Turinian	453.7 *
									Turinian	Zahorany †/Vinice			Letna †	456.2 *
							Whiterockian			Zahorany †/Vinice		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
										Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
								Dobrotivian							458.5 *
								Oretanian							459.7 *
										Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †					467.3
								Arenigian							468
									Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian		Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian							Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Ungurian	Tulean	Tremadocian							477.7
									Stairsian								480.3 *
									Skullrockian						Demingian †		482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Niuchehean	Skullrockian	Taoyuanian †		Batyrbaian		Late Cambrian				485.4
		Stage 10						Niuchehean										487.5
		Jiangshanian						Jiangshanian										489.5
												Aksaian						490.7 *
												Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian						Paibian										494
		Paibian						Paibian		Waergangian †/Youshuanian								494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †		Guzhangian		Wangcunian †		Ayusokkanian				Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian								Guzhangian				499.5
		Drumian		Drumian						Zhanaarykian				500.5
		Drumian		Drumian	Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	Tuesaian					Wuliuan/Taijangian				504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Wuliuan/Taijangian				505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian				Early Cambrian				509
					Toyonian													510 *
					Botomian													512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian					Nangaoian								514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian					Nangaoian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian					Tommotian								521
		Stage 2								525.5
		Fortunian								529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian					530.7
																				538.8