PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian						Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean						Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian						Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian						Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian						Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian						Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian			100.5
						Middle Albian			106.2 *
						Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian			113
		Aptian				Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian			139.8
						Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
						Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian			174.7
						Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
						Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							201.4
		Norian				Sevatian			208.5
						Alaunian			213.2 *
						Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian			227
		Carnian				Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian			237
		Ladinian				Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	504.5
									509