PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Ordovician of North America						Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cretaceous Subepochs	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Central Paratethys Stages
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																Pannonian	7.246
		Serravallian																Sarmatian	11.63
		Serravallian																Badenian	12.8 *
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																	33.9
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Ypresian																	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian										Senonian	Lancian/Edmontonian		66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian											Judithian/Aquilan		72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian										Gallic			100.5
						Middle Albian													106.2 *
						Early Albian													109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian													113
		Aptian				Early Aptian													119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian										Neocomian			125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian													139.8
						Middle Berriasian													140.6 *
						Early Berriasian													142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Oteke	Puaroan				145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian												146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian													149.2
						Late Kimmeridgian								Kawhia	Ohauan				150
						Early Kimmeridgian									Ohauan				152.2 *
						Early Kimmeridgian									Heterian				154.5
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian													161.5
		Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									Temaikan				164.3
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian													168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian													168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian													174.7
						Late Toarcian								Herangi	Ururoan				176
						Middle Toarcian													180.4 *
						Early Toarcian													182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian													184.2
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian									Aratauran				188.9
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												Balfour	Otapirian				201.4
		Norian				Sevatian									Warepan				208.5
						Alaunian													213.2 *
						Lacian													216.7 *
															Otamitan				217
															Oretian				221
		Carnian				Tuvalian									Oretian				227
				Gore	Kaihikuan	Tuvalian		227.5
						Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian		237
					Etalian	Longobardian		238
						Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian		242
						Pelsonian		243.8 *
						Bithynian		244.7 *
						Aegean		245.5 *
					Malakovian	Aegean		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Spathian		247.2
						Smithian		248.9 *
					Nelsonian	Smithian		249
		Induan				Dienerian		251.2
						Griesbachian		251.4 *
				DUrville	Makarewan	Griesbachian		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan			251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian			253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †		Waiitian			254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †		Puruhauan			254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Aparima	Flettian			259.51
		Wordian			Flettian			264.28
		Wordian			Barettian			266
		Roadian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian			276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian			283.5
					Telfordian			285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Emsian	393.3
		Pragian					Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian					Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian		Rawtheyan	445.2
									Richmondian		Rawtheyan	446 *
											Cautleyan	448.9 *
											Pusgillian	449.3 *
										Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Edenian					450.4 *
								Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					451.1 *
											Cheneyan			451.5 *
											Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
												Actonian †		453.2 *
									Turinian			Actonian †		453.7 *
												Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †			455.2 *
											Aurelucian				456.8 *
								Whiterockian					Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
												Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
		Darriwilian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
		Dapingian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					467.3
										Arenig	Fennian					468.4 *
									Rangerian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian						Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
									Blackhillsian		Whitlandian						471.1 *
									Tulean		Whitlandian						473.9 *
						Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian				Tremadoc				Migneintian	477.7
									Stairsian	Migneintian	480.3 *
									Stairsian	Cressagian	480.8 *
			Skullrockian						Demingian †	Cressagian	482 *
									Demingian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10													Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	487.5
																Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian														Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian														Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian														Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	St Davids											497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3															514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian															529
																			538.8