PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Ordovician of Australia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Cambrian of Siberia			Silurian of North America			Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan														Cenozoic 6	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Chibanian																Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean																Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian															Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian														Cenozoic 5		Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian																Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																Lillburnian	13.82
																		Clifdenian	15.1
																	Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian															Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Cenozoic 4		Waitakian	23.03
																		Duntroonian	25.2
																		Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														Cenozoic 3			33.9
																	Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																		Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian																Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian														Cenozoic 2		Bortonian	41.2
																	Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																		Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian																Heretaungan	47.8
																		Mangaorapan	48.9
																		Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Cenozoic 1		Teurian	56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian										Cretaceous 8	Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian										Cretaceous 7		Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian										Cretaceous 6		Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian											Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian													89.8
																		Mangaotanean	90.5
																		Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian										Cretaceous 5		Arowhanan	93.9
																	Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																		Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian										Cretaceous 4		Motuan	100.5
						Late Albian												Urutawan	103.3
						Middle Albian												Urutawan	106.2 *
						Middle Albian											Taitai	Korangan	108.4
						Early Albian													109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian										Cretaceous 3			113
						Late Aptian													117.5
						Early Aptian													119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian	Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5		149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				174.7
				Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
				Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1		192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4		201.4
		Norian		Sevatian				208.5
				Alaunian				213.2 *
				Lacian				216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian		Triassic 3		227
		Carnian		Julian		Triassic 3		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian		Triassic 2		237
		Ladinian		Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian				242
				Pelsonian				243.8 *
				Bithynian				244.7 *
				Aegean				245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian		Triassic 1		247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian				248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian				251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian				251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			Mapingian †			298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †			303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2						393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1						407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan						Silurian 2	419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran							422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Gleedonian	Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian								Whitwellian	Lockportian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian		Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan				Clinton					440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian								Ordovician 5	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian											Rawtheyan	445.2
													Cautleyan	448.9 *
			Eastonian										Cautleyan	449 *
													Pusgillian	449.3 *
												Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
													Cheneyan		451.5 *
			Gisbornian										Cheneyan		452 *
													Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									Ordovician 4				453
														Actonian †	453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
														Longvillian †		455.2 *
													Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
													Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian								Ordovician 3	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian								Ordovician 3		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian	Yapeenian								Ordovician 2		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
			Yapeenian									Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
			Castlemainian													468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian													470
			Chewtonian										Whitlandian			471.1 *
			Bendigonian													471.8 *
			Lancefieldian													473.5 *
													Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian									Ordovician 1	Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
													Cressagian			480.8 *
			Warendian	482.8 *
				Mansian †												483.55 *
				Mansian †									485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian							Tavgian †		Ketyan †/Yurakian			Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian													489.5
				Aksaian													490.7 *
				Sakian													492.2 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian											Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †							Ayusokkanian						Cambrian 4	497
		Guzhangian									Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian				500.5					Mayan/Menevian
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †					Amgan/Solvan						Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Amgan/Solvan							509
											Toyonian		Lenian †					510 *
											Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian						Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3									Atdabanian							515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian							521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian							525.5
		Fortunian									Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †				Cambrian 1	529
																			538.8