PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Silurian of England		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian												Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian												Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian												Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian												Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian								Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian								Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian								Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian								Cretaceous 4	100.5
						Middle Albian									106.2 *
						Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian								Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian				Early Aptian								Cretaceous 3	119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian								Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian								Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian								Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian									139.8
						Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
						Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							Jurassic 6	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian								Jurassic 5	149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian								Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian								Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian									174.7
						Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
						Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian								Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian								Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian								Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian				Sevatian									208.5
						Alaunian									213.2 *
						Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian								Triassic 3	227
		Carnian				Julian								Triassic 3	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5			Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Whitcliffe/Leintwardine				Silurian 2	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle		Bringewood/Elton					421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood					423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian			Buildwas					426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian			Buildwas					427.4
		Homerian	Wych		Woolhope					428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Silurian 1	433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park							439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Kosovian		Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian					Kralodvorian			Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian					Berounian				449.7 *
		Sandbian							Ordovician 4		453
											Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Ordovician 3				458.4
							Dobrotivian						458.5 *
							Oretanian						459.7 *
										Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian							Klabava †	Ordovician 2			467.3
		Dapingian					Arenigian						468
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Arenigian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					Tremadocian			Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Cambrian 5			485.4
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †			Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian											Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †							Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3											Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											Cambrian 1	529
															538.8