PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Devonian of Germany	Carboniferous of China	Devonian of France	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian																11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian												72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian												100.5
						Middle Albian												106.2 *
						Early Albian												109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian												113
		Aptian				Early Aptian												119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian												139.8
						Middle Berriasian												140.6 *
						Early Berriasian												142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian									Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian											146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian												149.2
						Late Kimmeridgian										Kawhia	Ohauan	150
						Early Kimmeridgian											Ohauan	152.2 *
						Early Kimmeridgian											Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian											154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian											157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian												161.5
		Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian											Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian												168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian												168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian												174.7
						Late Toarcian										Herangi	Ururoan	176
						Middle Toarcian												180.4 *
						Early Toarcian												182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian												184.2
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian											Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian				Sevatian											Warepan	208.5
						Alaunian												213.2 *
						Lacian												216.7 *
																	Otamitan	217
																	Oretian	221
		Carnian				Tuvalian											Oretian	227
						Tuvalian										Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
				Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
				Longobardian	Etalian	238
				Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
				Aegean	Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian		247.2
				Smithian		248.9 *
				Smithian	Nelsonian	249
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
				Griesbachian		251.4 *
				Griesbachian	DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan		Dorashamian	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian		Dorashamian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Waiitian		Dzhulfian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Puruhauan		Dzhulfian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian	Aparima		Flettian	259.51
		Wordian						Flettian	264.28
								Barettian	266
					Murgabian				266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian				273.01
					Kubergandian			Mangapirian	276
					Bolorian				279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
								Telfordian	285
					Yakhtashian			Telfordian	286
					Yakhtashian				288.5
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian			Asselian				293.52
		Asselian			Asselian				Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
										Xiaodushanian	300 *
									Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Stephanian A	303.7
											Cantabrian	305 *
										Dalaun		305.8 *
		Moscovian					307
							Westphalian		Westphalian D		307.4 *
									Westphalian C		309.8
									Westphalian B		314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B		315.2
									Westphalian A		317 *
									Westphalian A	Huashibanian	318.5 *
							Namurian		Yeadonian		318.8 *
									Marsdenian		320.2 *
									Marsdenian	Lousuan	321.2 *
									Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
									Alportian		322 *
									Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chokierian	Dewunian	323.2
									Arnsbergian		324 *
									Pendleian		327.4 *
									Pendleian	Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean					Warnantian		Brigantian †	Shangsian	330.9
							Warnantian		Brigantian †	Jiusian	335 *
							Livian		Asbian †		336.3 *
							Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian					Tangbagouan		Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian					Tangbagouan		Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden				Famennian		Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	Late Famennian	358.9
														Middle Famennian	365.3 *
														Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian					Adorf				Frasnian		West Fallsian/Sonyean	Late Frasnian	372.2
														Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
														Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Givetian				Givetian		Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	Late Givetian	382.7
															Middle Givetian	383.7 *
															Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian					Eifelian				Couvinien		Southwoodian		Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Eifelian						Southwoodian		Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Emsian						Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Emsian						Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Siegen								Pragian	407.6
		Pragian		Coblencien			Siegen				408.2 *				Pragian
		Lochkovian		Gedinnine			Gedinnine				Late Lochkovian				410.8
											Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
											Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli													419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
	Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian												427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian												430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian												433.4
		Aeronian												438.5
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian												443.8
		Katian												445.2
		Sandbian												453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10				Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian				Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian				Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian				Steptoean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Marjumian		Albertian †						497
		Drumian				Marjumian								500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †								Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †								Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Waucoban †						Delamaran	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran	514
														Montezuman	514.8 *
														Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																		538.8