PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Silurian of North America			Cambrian Epochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan													Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian														Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian														Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian														Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian														Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian														Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Yushean		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian														Waipipian	3
		Zanclean														Waipipian	3.6
																Opoitian	3.7
														Baodean		Opoitian	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian														Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian														Tongaporutuan	7.246
															Southland	Waiauan	11.04
														Tunggurian			11.1
		Serravallian															11.63
		Serravallian														Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian												Shanwangian		Lillburnian	13.82
																Clifdenian	15.1
															Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															15.98
														Xiejiaan			16.9
																Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian														Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian													Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														Waitakian	23.03
																Duntroonian	25.2
																Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
															Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian														Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian														Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian														Bortonian	41.2
															Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian														Heretaungan	47.8
																Mangaorapan	48.9
																Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian														Teurian	56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian										Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian										Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian											89.8
																Mangaotanean	90.5
																Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian										Arowhanan	93.9
															Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian										Motuan	100.5
						Late Albian										Urutawan	103.3
						Middle Albian										Urutawan	106.2 *
						Middle Albian									Taitai	Korangan	108.4
						Early Albian											109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian	113
				Late Aptian		117.5
				Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian		139.8
				Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
				Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
				Late Bajocian					Humphresianum	168.4
				Early Bajocian					Humphresianum	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian				Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	174.7
				Late Toarcian						180.1
				Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
				Middle Toarcian				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182
				Early Toarcian				Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								201.4
		Norian		Sevatian						208.5
				Alaunian						213.2 *
				Lacian						216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian						227
		Carnian		Julian						233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian						237
		Ladinian		Fassanian						239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian						242
				Pelsonian						243.8 *
				Bithynian						244.7 *
				Aegean						245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian						247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian						248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian						251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian						251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian	Wordian								264.28
		Roadian	Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Leonardian								Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian									Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian									Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian	Wolfcampian								Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian									Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian									Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan							419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran							422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian					433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan	Clinton	440.1 *
							440.7 *
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										443.8
		Katian										445.2
		Sandbian										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Ungurian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian			Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian										Batyrbaian	489.5
												Aksaian	490.7 *
												Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian						494				Sakian
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian			Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian											499.5
		Drumian										Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian										Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †		Tuesaian	504.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †			505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian			509
												Toyonian	510 *
												Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3										Botomian	514
		Stage 3										Atdabanian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										Tommotian	521
		Stage 2											525.5
		Fortunian											529
																	538.8