PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Chibanian								Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian								Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian								Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian								Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian								Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Mangapanian				2.58
		Piacenzian								Waipipian				3
		Zanclean								Waipipian				3.6
		Zanclean								Opoitian				3.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian								Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian								Tongaporutuan				7.246
		Tortonian							Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian								Waiauan				11.63
		Serravallian								Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian								Lillburnian				13.82
										Clifdenian				15.1
									Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian								Altonian				15.98
		Burdigalian								Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian								Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian							Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Waitakian				23.03
										Duntroonian				25.2
										Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
									Arnold	Runangan				34.6
										Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian								Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian								Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian								Bortonian				41.2
									Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
										Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian								Heretaungan				47.8
										Mangaorapan				48.9
										Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Teurian				56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Lancian/Edmontonian	Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Judithian/Aquilan		Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian				Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian								89.8
										Mangaotanean				90.5
										Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian				Arowhanan				93.9
									Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
										Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian				Motuan				100.5
						Late Albian				Urutawan				103.3
						Middle Albian				Urutawan				106.2 *
						Middle Albian			Taitai	Korangan				108.4
						Early Albian								109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian								113
						Late Aptian								117.5
						Early Aptian								119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian	121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian	139.8
				Middle Berriasian	140.6 *
				Early Berriasian	142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian		Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian		Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian		Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian			Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian			174.7
				Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
				Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian		Sevatian			208.5
				Alaunian			213.2 *
				Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian			227
		Carnian		Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian			237
		Ladinian		Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian			243.8 *
				Bithynian			244.7 *
				Aegean			245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian			247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian			248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian			251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian			251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Late Pennsylvanian					298.9
		Kasimovian	Late Pennsylvanian					303.7
		Moscovian	Middle Pennsylvanian					307
		Bashkirian	Early Pennsylvanian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian					323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian					330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu	445.2
								Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian			Keila			Idavere †	453
					Haljala				453.9
					Kukruse				456.4 *
					Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku				458.4
					Lasnamagi				458.9 *
					Aseri				460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
						Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov				467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								470
								Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg				Ungurian	477.7
						Varangu					481.3 *
						Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort		Batyrbaian		Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian								Jiangshanian		489.5
								Aksaian				490.7 *
								Sakian				492.2 *
		Paibian								Paibian		494
		Paibian								Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian								499.5	Guzhangian
		Drumian		Zhanaarykian						Drumian	500.5
		Drumian		Tuesaian			503			Drumian
		Wuliuan		Tuesaian			Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian		505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian		509
				Toyonian								510 *
				Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3		Botomian						Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3		Atdabanian						Nangaoian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian						Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2										525.5
		Fortunian										529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian		530.7
														538.8