PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Permian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Lancian/Edmontonian				Senonian	66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Judithian/Aquilan					72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian							83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian						Gallic	100.5
						Middle Albian							106.2 *
						Early Albian							109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian							113
		Aptian				Early Aptian							119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian						Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian							139.8
						Middle Berriasian							140.6 *
						Early Berriasian							142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian							149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian							152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian							168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian							168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian							174.7
						Middle Toarcian							180.4 *
						Early Toarcian							182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian							184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian							192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian				Sevatian							208.5
						Alaunian							213.2 *
						Lacian							216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian							227
		Carnian				Julian							233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian							237
		Ladinian				Fassanian							239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian							242
						Pelsonian							243.8 *
						Bithynian							244.7 *
						Aegean							245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Spathian							247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian							Wordian	264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian				Wordian	264.9 *
		Roadian							Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
					Pavlovoposadian					Cathedralian	276.8 *
										Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian	283.5
									Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
					Rusavkinian						287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian								Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian					303.7
					Khamovnikian			304.8
					Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian			307
					Podolskian			308.9 *
					Kashirian			311.4 *
					Vereian			313.8
					Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian			315.2
					Cheremshanian			316.9 *
					Prikamian			318.6 *
					Severokeltmian			319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
					Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian			323.2
					Protvian			324.4 *
					Steshevian			326.8 *
					Tarusian			329 *
		Visean			Venevian			330.9
					Mikhailovian			331.9 *
					Aleksinian			333.7 *
					Tulian			335.8 *
					Bobrikian		339.9 *
					Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Kosvian		346.7
					Kizelian		350.7 *
					Cherepetian		351.9 *
					Karakubian		354.4 *
					Upinian		356.3 *
					Malevkian		357.6 *
					Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani	433.4
		Telychian					Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian		438.5			Adavere
		Aeronian		Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian		Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian		Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †		443.8
		Katian				Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †		445.2
		Katian				Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				449.5
		Sandbian				Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
		Darriwilian				Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo		466.3 *
		Dapingian				Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Yiyangian				470
		Tremadocian				Xinchangian				477.7
		Tremadocian				Xinchangian		Lianghekou †		477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian						485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †						Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
													538.8