PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mesozoic Subages		Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Germany	Ordovician of North America						Carboniferous of North America	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6											0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Calabrian																	0.774
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5											11.63
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3											33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3											37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2											41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1											56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8											66
		Campanian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Cretaceous 7											72.1
		Santonian				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		Cretaceous 6											83.6
		Coniacian				Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian				Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Late Albian		Cretaceous 4											100.5
						Middle Albian													106.2 *
						Early Albian													109.9 *
		Aptian				Late Aptian		Cretaceous 3											113
		Aptian				Early Aptian		Cretaceous 3											119.5 *
		Barremian				Late Barremian/Early Barremian		Cretaceous 2											121.4
		Hauterivian				Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2											125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		Cretaceous 1											132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian													139.8
						Middle Berriasian													140.6 *
						Early Berriasian													142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6											145
		Tithonian				Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6											146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Late Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5											149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian													152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian												157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian				Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4											165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian													168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian													168.6 *
		Aalenian				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian													174.7
						Middle Toarcian													180.4 *
						Early Toarcian													182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2											184.2
		Sinemurian				Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1											192.9
		Hettangian				Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4											201.4
		Norian				Sevatian													208.5
						Alaunian													213.2 *
						Lacian													216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian		Triassic 3											227
		Carnian				Julian		Triassic 3											233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian		242
				Pelsonian		243.8 *
				Bithynian		244.7 *
				Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian		251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1			Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5			Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian						Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian						Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4			Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian						Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian	315.2					Atokan
		Bashkirian	Morrowan					318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Chesterian			323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Chesterian			330.9
					Meramecian			335.8 *
					Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		Adorf				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		Emsian				393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		Siegen				407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		Gedinnine				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5				Cincinnatian		Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
									Richmondian		Pirgu	446 *
									Richmondian		Vormsi	449.6 *
									Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
									Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
									Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
							Mohawkian		Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
											Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4								Keila		Idavere †	453
									Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
											Haljala			453.9
											Kukruse			456.4 *
							Whiterockian				Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3								Uhaku				458.4
											Lasnamagi				458.9 *
											Aseri				460.4 *
										Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
											Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
											Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2													467.3
									Rangerian							469.1 *
									Rangerian		Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian		Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
													Latorp †				470.1 *
				Hunneberg							473.7 *
									Tulean		473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1			477.7			Tulean
						Stairsian			480.3 *
				Varangu		Stairsian			481.3 *
				Varangu		Skullrockian			Demingian †		482 *
				Pakerort					Demingian †		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5	Pakerort										485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
														487.5
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †											Cambrian 4		497
		Guzhangian														Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Branchian	Cambrian 3	509
		Stage 3														Branchian	Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3														Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian															Cambrian 1	529
																			538.8