PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cambrian Epochs	Mesozoic Subages		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Nihewanian		0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Calabrian														0.774
		Gelasian														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Yushean		2.58
		Zanclean												Yushean		3.6
		Zanclean												Baodean		4.9
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Tortonian												Tunggurian		11.1
		Serravallian												Tunggurian		11.63
		Langhian												Shanwangian		13.82
		Burdigalian												Shanwangian		15.98
		Burdigalian												Xiejiaan		16.9
		Aquitanian												Xiejiaan		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					Senonian	66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian						72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian					Gallic	100.5
										Middle Albian						106.2 *
										Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian								Late Aptian						113
		Aptian								Early Aptian						119.5 *
		Barremian								Late Barremian/Early Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian								Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian								Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian								Late Berriasian						139.8
										Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
										Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan			145
		Tithonian								Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian								Late Kimmeridgian						149.2
										Late Kimmeridgian		Kawhia	Ohauan			150
										Early Kimmeridgian			Ohauan			152.2 *
										Early Kimmeridgian			Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian								Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian									Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Callovian								Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian								Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras				Late Bajocian						168.2
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense				Late Bajocian						168.4
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense				Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni				Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta				Late Toarcian						174.7
						Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta						Herangi	Ururoan			176
						Planulata										179.3 *
								Arnioceras arnouldi								179.8 *
										Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
						Kanense										181.3 *
						Carlottense										182.3 *
						Carlottense				Early Toarcian						182.9 *
				Kunae	183.5 *					Early Toarcian
		Pliensbachian		Kunae	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
				Freboldi		185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi			Aratauran		188.9
									189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis			190.3 *
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras				Psiloceras	196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian					Sevatian		Warepan	208.5
							Alaunian			213.2 *
							Lacian			216.7 *
									Otamitan	217
									Oretian	221
		Carnian					Tuvalian		Oretian	227
							Tuvalian	Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
							Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Longobardian			237
							Longobardian		Etalian	238
							Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian					Illyrian			242
			Pelsonian				243.8 *
			Bithynian				244.7 *
			Aegean				245.5 *
			Aegean				Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian						247.2
			Smithian						248.9 *
			Smithian				Nelsonian		249
		Induan	Dienerian						251.2
			Griesbachian						251.4 *
			Griesbachian				DUrville	Makarewan	Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Kathwai	251.902
										252.4 *
									Chhidru	252.9 *
								Waiitian		253.2
		Wuchiapingian						Waiitian		Longtanian †		Zechstein	254.14
								Puruhauan					254.2
									Kalabagh				255 *
									Wargal				256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Aparima		Flettian		Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian											264.28
													265.3 *
										Barettian			266
									Amb				266.1 *
		Roadian							Amb				266.9
		Roadian											270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Kungurian								Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian								Mangapirian	Autunian	283.5
										Telfordian		285
												288.5
		Sakmarian										290.1
		Asselian										293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian			Rawtheyan	445.2
					Cautleyan	448.9 *
					Pusgillian	449.3 *
				Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †						449.6 *
					Cheneyan							451.5 *
					Burrellian							452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
						Actonian †						453.2 *
						Marshbrookian †						Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †							455.2 *
					Aurelucian	Longvillian †							456.8 *
					Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian							457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
		Darriwilian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
		Dapingian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								467.3
		Dapingian		Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Fennian								470
					Whitlandian								471.1 *
					Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian	477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian	480.8 *
					485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Late Cambrian								485.4
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †								Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †							504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
																538.8