PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cenozoic Subepochs	European Faunal Units	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian							Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Calabrian							Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Gelasian							Early Pleistocene										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Late Pliocene	Villanyian									2.58
		Piacenzian							Late Pliocene	Ruscinian									3.1 *
		Zanclean							Early Pliocene	Ruscinian									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							Late Miocene	Turolian									5.333
		Tortonian								Turolian									7.246
		Tortonian								Vallesian									8.7
		Serravallian							Middle Miocene	Astaracian									11.63
		Langhian							Middle Miocene	Astaracian									13.82
		Burdigalian							Early Miocene	Orleanian									15.98
		Burdigalian								Agenian									20
		Aquitanian								Agenian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Late Oligocene										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Early Oligocene										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Late Eocene										33.9
		Bartonian							Middle Eocene										37.71
		Lutetian							Middle Eocene										41.2
		Ypresian							Early Eocene										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Late Paleocene										56
		Selandian							Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian							Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras													168.2
		Bajocian				Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense													168.4
		Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta													174.7
						Planulata													179.3 *
						Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi											179.8 *
						Kanense													181.3 *
						Carlottense													182.3 *
						Kunae													183.5 *
		Pliensbachian				Kunae													184.2
						Freboldi													185.1 *
						Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras												186.2 *
							Tetraspidoceras												189.2 *
						Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis												190.3 *
		Sinemurian																	192.9
						Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras											196.4 *
						Franziceras/Euphyllites													196.5 *
		Hettangian				Franziceras/Euphyllites													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian																	208.5
		Carnian																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian					358.9
					Middle Famennian					365.3 *
					Early Famennian					368.5 *
		Frasnian			Late Frasnian					372.2
					Middle Frasnian					375.4 *
					Early Frasnian					379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian		382.7
			Middle Givetian		383.7 *
			Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian		410.8
			Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli				Ohesaare				419.2
	Pridoli				Kaugetuma				421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare				423
		Ludfordian			Paadla				423.4 *
		Gorstian			Paadla				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula				427.4
		Homerian			Jaagarahu				429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu				430.5
		Sheinwoodian			Jaani				431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani				433.4
		Telychian			Adavere				434 *
		Aeronian			Adavere				438.5
		Aeronian			Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian			Raikkula				440.8
		Rhuddanian			Juuru				441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju				Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
									Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
									Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
									Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
									Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
					Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *			Edenian
							Rakvere		Mohawkian		Chatfieldian	451.1 *
						Oandu	452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †	453
						Keila		Turinian			453.7 *
						Haljala					453.9
						Kukruse					456.4 *
						Kukruse		Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †						457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku							458.4
						Lasnamagi							458.9 *
				Aseri		460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
					Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
					Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka						467.1 *
		Dapingian											467.3
									Rangerian				469.1 *
					Billingen				Rangerian				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
						Latorp †								470.1 *
					Hunneberg									473.7 *
									Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian							Tulean					477.7
									Stairsian					480.3 *
					Varangu				Stairsian					481.3 *
					Varangu				Skullrockian				Demingian †	482 *
					Pakerort									482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian					Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian				485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
						Aksaian										490.7 *
						Sakian										492.2 *
		Paibian														494
		Paibian										Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †					Ayusokkanian						497
		Guzhangian									Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian									Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †						Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian									Lenian †					510 *
			Botomian														512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian														514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian														515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian														521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian														525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian									Manykaian †					529
																			538.8