PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cambrian of North America		Cambrian Epochs	Mesozoic Subages		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Nihewanian		0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Calabrian																0.774
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Yushean		2.58
		Zanclean														Yushean		3.6
		Zanclean														Baodean		4.9
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Tortonian														Tunggurian		11.1
		Serravallian														Tunggurian		11.63
		Langhian														Shanwangian		13.82
		Burdigalian														Shanwangian		15.98
		Burdigalian														Xiejiaan		16.9
		Aquitanian														Xiejiaan		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					Senonian	66
		Campanian										Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian						72.1
		Santonian										Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian										Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian										Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian										Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Late Albian					Gallic	100.5
												Middle Albian						106.2 *
												Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian										Late Aptian						113
		Aptian										Early Aptian						119.5 *
		Barremian										Late Barremian/Early Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian										Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian										Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian										Late Berriasian						139.8
												Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
												Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan			145
		Tithonian										Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian										Late Kimmeridgian						149.2
												Late Kimmeridgian		Kawhia	Ohauan			150
												Early Kimmeridgian			Ohauan			152.2 *
												Early Kimmeridgian			Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian										Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian											Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Callovian										Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian										Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras						Late Bajocian						168.2
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense						Late Bajocian						168.4
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense						Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni						Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta						Late Toarcian						174.7
						Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta								Herangi	Ururoan			176
						Planulata												179.3 *
								Arnioceras arnouldi										179.8 *
												Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
						Kanense												181.3 *
						Carlottense												182.3 *
						Carlottense						Early Toarcian						182.9 *
				Kunae	183.5 *							Early Toarcian
		Pliensbachian		Kunae	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
				Freboldi		185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi			Aratauran		188.9
									189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis			190.3 *
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras				Psiloceras	196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian					Sevatian		Warepan	208.5
							Alaunian			213.2 *
							Lacian			216.7 *
									Otamitan	217
									Oretian	221
		Carnian					Tuvalian		Oretian	227
							Tuvalian	Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
							Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Longobardian			237
							Longobardian		Etalian	238
							Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian					Illyrian			242
			Pelsonian				243.8 *
			Bithynian				244.7 *
			Aegean				245.5 *
			Aegean				Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian						247.2
			Smithian						248.9 *
			Smithian				Nelsonian		249
		Induan	Dienerian						251.2
			Griesbachian						251.4 *
			Griesbachian				DUrville	Makarewan	Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Kathwai	251.902
										252.4 *
									Chhidru	252.9 *
								Waiitian		253.2
		Wuchiapingian						Waiitian		Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
								Puruhauan				254.2
									Kalabagh			255 *
									Wargal			256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Aparima		Flettian	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian										264.28
												265.3 *
										Barettian		266
									Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian							Amb			266.9
		Roadian										270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian										273.01
		Kungurian								Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian								Mangapirian	Autunian	283.5
										Telfordian		285
												288.5
		Sakmarian										290.1
		Asselian										293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian			Rawtheyan	445.2
					Cautleyan	448.9 *
					Pusgillian	449.3 *
				Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †						449.6 *
					Cheneyan							451.5 *
					Burrellian							452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
						Actonian †						453.2 *
						Marshbrookian †						Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †							455.2 *
					Aurelucian	Longvillian †							456.8 *
					Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian							457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
		Darriwilian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
		Dapingian			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								467.3
		Dapingian		Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Fennian								470
					Whitlandian								471.1 *
					Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian	477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian	480.8 *
					485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan								Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10												Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian												Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian												Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †		Marjumian						Albertian †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian					Marjumian								500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †								Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †								Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Waucoban †	Early Cambrian	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4													Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3							514						Dyeran
									Montezuman						514.8 *
									Begadean						519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																		538.8