PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Carboniferous of China	Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America		Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																	Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian																	Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian																	Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian														Pannonian			Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian														Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian														Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																	Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian																	Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																	Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																	Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian																	Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian																	Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian																	Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																	Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																	Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian															Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian															Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian															Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian															Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian															Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															Late Albian			100.5
																	Middle Albian			106.2 *
																	Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian															Late Aptian			113
		Aptian															Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian															Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian															Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian															Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian															Late Berriasian			139.8
																	Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
																	Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian															Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian															Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian															Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian															Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian																Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian															Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras											Late Bajocian			168.2
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense											Late Bajocian			168.4
						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense											Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni											Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta											Late Toarcian			174.7
						Planulata														179.3 *
								Arnioceras arnouldi												179.8 *
																	Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
						Kanense														181.3 *
						Carlottense														182.3 *
						Carlottense											Early Toarcian			182.9 *
						Kunae											Early Toarcian			183.5 *
		Pliensbachian				Kunae											Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
						Freboldi														185.1 *
						Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras													186.2 *
							Tetraspidoceras													189.2 *
						Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis													190.3 *
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian	192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian	Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian				Sevatian		208.5
						Alaunian		213.2 *
						Lacian		216.7 *
		Carnian				Tuvalian		227
		Carnian				Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Longobardian		237
		Ladinian				Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian		242
						Pelsonian		243.8 *
						Bithynian		244.7 *
						Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Spathian		247.2
		Olenekian				Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan				Dienerian		251.2
		Induan				Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Gzhelian						Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian						Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian						Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
								Huashibanian	318.5 *
								Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian						Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean						Shangsian	330.9
		Visean						Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian						Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Harju		Porkuni		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian									Pirgu		Bolindian	445.2
											Pirgu		Eastonian	449 *
											Vormsi			449.6 *
											Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
							Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
									Oandu		Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian		Keila	Idavere †				453
				Haljala					453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Uhaku	Aluoja †				457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku					Darriwilian		458.4
				Lasnamagi							458.9 *
				Aseri							460.4 *
				Oeland			Kunda				462.9 *
					Valaste †/Hunderum		Kunda				464.3 *
							Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian							Yapeenian				467.3
									Castlemainian				468.5 *
							Billingen		Castlemainian				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Chewtonian				470
					Latorp †				Chewtonian				470.1 *
									Bendigonian				471.8 *
						Lancefieldian			473.5 *
							Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian	477.7				Hunneberg
			Varangu				481.3 *
			Pakerort				482.2 *
						Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Datsonian			485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
						Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian				Iverian			489.5
		Paibian				Idamean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †			Mindyallan				497
		Guzhangian							Boomerangian				499
		Drumian							Undillan				500.5
		Drumian							Floran				503
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4											Ordian	509
																				510.8 *