PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of China	Cambrian of Siberia			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Chibanian												Middle Pleistocene				0.129
		Calabrian												Early Pleistocene				0.774
		Gelasian												Early Pleistocene				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Late Pliocene				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												Early Pliocene				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												Late Miocene				5.333
		Tortonian												Late Miocene				7.246
		Serravallian												Middle Miocene				11.63
		Langhian												Middle Miocene				13.82
		Burdigalian												Early Miocene				15.98
		Aquitanian												Early Miocene				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Late Oligocene				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												Early Oligocene				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												Late Eocene				33.9
		Bartonian												Middle Eocene				37.71
		Lutetian												Middle Eocene				41.2
		Ypresian												Early Eocene				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Late Paleocene				56
		Selandian												Middle Paleocene				59.2
		Danian												Early Paleocene				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian				Epizigzagiceras												168.2
		Bajocian				Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense												168.4
		Aalenian				Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta												174.7
						Planulata												179.3 *
						Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi										179.8 *
						Kanense												181.3 *
						Carlottense												182.3 *
						Kunae												183.5 *
		Pliensbachian				Kunae												184.2
						Freboldi												185.1 *
						Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras											186.2 *
							Tetraspidoceras											189.2 *
						Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis											190.3 *
		Sinemurian																192.9
						Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras										196.4 *
						Franziceras/Euphyllites												196.5 *
		Hettangian				Franziceras/Euphyllites												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Meishanian									251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laoshanian				254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Laibinian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Lengwuan				259.51
		Wordian			Kuhfengian				264.28
		Roadian			Kuhfengian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Luodianian				273.01
		Artinskian			Luodianian				283.5
		Artinskian			Longlinian				285.4 *
		Sakmarian			Longlinian				290.1
		Asselian			Zisongian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian				298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian						393.3
		Pragian	Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian											Pirgu	445.2
													Vormsi	449.6 *
													Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
												Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
													Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian											Keila	Idavere †	453
													Haljala		453.9
													Kukruse		456.4 *
													Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											Uhaku		458.4
													Lasnamagi		458.9 *
													Aseri		460.4 *
												Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
													Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
													Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					467.3						Volkhov
		Dapingian					Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
						Latorp †							470.1 *
							Hunneberg						473.7 *
		Tremadocian					Hunneberg						477.7
							Varangu						481.3 *
							Pakerort						482.2 *
													Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian							Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian		485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
				Aksaian		490.7 *
				Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian				494
		Paibian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian								494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian										497
		Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian										499.5
		Drumian				Mayan/Menevian										500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †										Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Amgan/Solvan	509
					Toyonian								Lenian †			510 *
					Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian											514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian											515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian											521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian								Manykaian †			529
																		538.8