Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
  • F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
  • J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleObsolete Names for ICS UnitsAmmonite Chrons of North AmericaPermian of Western EuropeCambrian of North AmericaCambrian of ChinaDevonian SubagesEuropean Faunal ZonesSouth American Land Mammal AgesDevonian of Eastern North AmericaCarbo-Permian of the Russian PlatformOrdovician of Ibero-Bohemia
QuaternaryPleistoceneLate PleistoceneLujanian0.0117
Chibanian0.129
Ensenadan0.3 *
Calabrian0.774
SanandresianUquian †1.7 *
GelasianMN 171.8
NeogenePliocenePiacenzianTertiary †MN 16Vorohuean2.58
Chapadmalalan2.9 *
MN 153.2
Zanclean3.6
Montehermosan3.7 *
MN 144.2
MN 13Huayquerian4.9 *
MioceneMessinian5.333
TortonianMN 127.246
MN 117.75
Chasicoan7.9 *
MN 108.7
MN 99.7
Mayoan9.9 *
Laventan10.9 *
MN 7 + 811.1
Serravallian11.63
MN 612.8 *
Colloncuran13.7 *
LanghianMN 513.82
Friasian15.4 *
BurdigalianMN 415.98
Santacrucian16.2 *
MN 316.9
Colhuehuapian17.4 *
MN 220
Aquitanian20.44
Deseadan20.9 *
MN 122.4
PaleogeneOligoceneChattian23.03
Rupelian27.82
Tinguirirican28.9 *
EocenePriabonian33.9
Divisaderan35.9 *
Bartonian37.71
Lutetian41.2
Mustersan41.9 *
Ypresian47.8
Casamayoran47.9 *
PaleoceneThanetianRiochican56
Itaboraian56.9 *
Peligran58.9 *
Selandian59.2
Danian61.6
Tiupampan62.4 *
CretaceousLate CretaceousMaastrichtian66
Campanian72.1
Santonian83.6
Coniacian86.3
Turonian89.8
Cenomanian93.9
Early CretaceousAlbian100.5
Aptian113
Barremian121.4
Hauterivian125.77
Valanginian132.6
Berriasian139.8
JurassicLate JurassicTithonian145
Kimmeridgian149.2
Oxfordian154.8
Middle JurassicCallovian161.5
Bathonian165.3
BajocianEpizigzagiceras168.2
Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense168.4
AalenianHowelli/Scissum/Westermanni170.9
Early JurassicToarcianYakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta174.7
Planulata179.3 *
Arnioceras arnouldi179.8 *
Kanense181.3 *
Carlottense182.3 *
Kunae183.5 *
Pliensbachian184.2
Freboldi185.1 *
Whiteavesi/ImlayiTetraspidoceras186.2 *
189.2 *
Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/CoronicerasCanadensis190.3 *
Sinemurian192.9
PseudaetomocerasPsiloceras196.4 *
Franziceras/Euphyllites196.5 *
Hettangian199.5
TriassicLate TriassicRhaetian201.4
Norian208.5
Carnian227
Middle TriassicLadinian237
Anisian242
Early TriassicOlenekian247.2
Induan251.2
PermianLopingianChanghsingianMelekhovian251.902
WuchiapingianLongtanian †Zechstein254.14
GuadalupianCapitanianRotliegendes259.51
Wordian264.28
Noginskian264.9 *
Roadian266.9
CisuralianKungurian273.01
Pavlovoposadian276.8 *
ArtinskianAutunian283.5
Rusavkinian287.6 *
Sakmarian290.1
Asselian293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelian298.9
KasimovianDorogomilovian303.7
Khamovnikian304.8
Krevyakinian305.8 *
MoscovianMyachkovian307
Podolskian308.9 *
Kashirian311.4 *
Vereian313.8
Melekessian314.8
Bashkirian315.2
Cheremshanian316.9 *
Prikamian318.6 *
Severokeltmian319.9 *
Krasnopolyanian321.2 *
Voznesenian321.9 *
MississippianSerpukhovianZapaltjubian323.2
Protvian324.4 *
Steshevian326.8 *
Tarusian329 *
ViseanVenevian330.9
Mikhailovian331.9 *
Aleksinian333.7 *
Tulian335.8 *
Bobrikian339.9 *
Radaevkian343.4 *
TournaisianKosvian346.7
Kizelian350.7 *
Cherepetian351.9 *
Karakubian354.4 *
Upinian356.3 *
Malevkian357.6 *
Gumerovian358 *
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianLate FamennianConewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway358.9
Middle Famennian365.3 *
Early Famennian368.5 *
FrasnianLate FrasnianWest Fallsian/Sonyean372.2
Middle Frasnian375.4 *
Early Frasnian379.3 *
Middle DevonianGivetianLate GivetianGeneseean/Taghanican/TioughnioganCazenovian382.7
Middle Givetian383.7 *
Early Givetian385.9 *
EifelianLate EifelianSouthwoodian387.7
Early Eifelian390.3 *
Early DevonianEmsianLate EmsianSawkillian/Deer ParkianHelderbergian393.3
Early Emsian398.3 *
PragianPragian407.6
LochkovianLate Lochkovian410.8
Middle Lochkovian412.8 *
Early Lochkovian415.6 *
SilurianPridoli419.2
LudlowLudfordian423
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerian427.4
Sheinwoodian430.5
LlandoveryTelychian433.4
Aeronian438.5
Rhuddanian440.8
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianKosovian443.8
KatianKralodvorianBohdalec †445.2
Berounian449.7 *
Sandbian453
Zahorany †/ViniceLetna †456.2 *
Liben †458 *
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilian458.4
Dobrotivian458.5 *
Oretanian459.7 *
Sarka †461.7 *
DapingianKlabava †467.3
Arenigian468
Early OrdovicianFloian470
TremadocianTremadocian477.7
CambrianFurongianStage 10Franconian †/Dresbachian/MillardanNiucheheanTaoyuanian †485.4
Sunwaptan487.5
JiangshanianJiangshanian489.5
Steptoean493 *
PaibianPaibian494
Waergangian †/Youshuanian494.9 *
MiaolingianGuzhangianSeries 3 †MarjumianAlbertian †GuzhangianWangcunian †497
DrumianDrumian500.5
WuliuanStage 5 †TopazanWuliuan/Taijangian504.5
Delamaran506.5
Series 2Stage 4Waucoban †Duyunian509
Dyeran511 *
Stage 3Nangaoian514
Montezuman514.8 *
Begadean519.9 *
TerreneuvianStage 2Meishucunian521
Fortunian529
Jinnigian530.7
538.8