PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of the Russian Platform		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of China			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan														Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene					Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene					Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian															Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian															Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian															Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene					Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian										Late Pliocene					Waipipian	3
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene					Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene					Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene				Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian															Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian															Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian														Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene					Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian															Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian															Lillburnian	13.82
																	Clifdenian	15.1
																Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene					Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian															Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian															Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian														Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene					Waitakian	23.03
																	Duntroonian	25.2
																	Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene						33.9
																Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																	Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene					Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian															Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian															Bortonian	41.2
																Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																	Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian										Early Eocene					Heretaungan	47.8
																	Mangaorapan	48.9
																	Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene					Teurian	56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian															Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian															Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian														Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
																	Mangaotanean	90.5
																	Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian															Arowhanan	93.9
																Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																	Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															Motuan	100.5
																	Urutawan	103.3
																Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian															Korangan	113
		Aptian																117.5
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
					Planulata	179.3 *
					Planulata	Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
					Kanense		181.3 *
					Carlottense		182.3 *
					Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Kunae		184.2
					Freboldi		185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
							Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian						192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							251.902
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Severodvinian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian							Urzhumian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian							Kazanian	Povolzhian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
		Roadian							Kazanian	Sokian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
										Filipovian			276.5 *
										Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian							Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
										Irginian			285.9 *
										Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian							Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian	Tastubian						Sakmarian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian						Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian								Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian										305.9
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Hirnantian								Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian		Chientangkiangian									Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										449.5
		Sandbian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian								Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
		Darriwilian		Darriwilian								Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian		Dapingian										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian										470
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian										477.7
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian									Lianghekou †	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †	497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †	504.5
																		509