PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Ordovician of North America						Permian Subages of Germany	Cambrian of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites										168.2
		Bajocian					Humphresianum									168.4
		Aalenian				Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense									174.7
						Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons										180.1
						Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum										182
		Pliensbachian				Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni										184.2
		Sinemurian				Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi										192.9
		Hettangian				Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												Buntsandstein		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										Buntsandstein		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian												Ohre/Aller		259.51
		Wordian												Leine		264.28
		Roadian														266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
		Artinskian														283.5
		Sakmarian														290.1
		Asselian														293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian														298.9
		Kasimovian														303.7
		Moscovian														307
		Bashkirian														315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian			427.4
		Homerian			Whitwellian			429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian					Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Gamachian	445.2
								Richmondian	446 *
								Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian		450.4 *
			Mohawkian					Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian		453
								Turinian		453.7 *
			Whiterockian						Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian						Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian					Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean				477.7
								Stairsian				480.3 *
								Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Skullrockian				Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †		485.4
		Stage 10										Niuchehean			487.5
		Jiangshanian										Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian					Paibian					494
		Paibian					Paibian					Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †					Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		497
		Drumian										Drumian	Wangcunian †		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Duyunian					509
	Series 2	Stage 3					Nangaoian					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Meishucunian					521
		Fortunian					Meishucunian					529
		Fortunian					Jinnigian					530.7
																538.8