PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Mesozoic Subages		Permian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian				66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian				72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian				83.6
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian				89.8
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian				100.5
								Middle Albian				106.2 *
								Early Albian				109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian				113
		Aptian						Early Aptian				119.5 *
		Barremian						Late Barremian/Early Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian						Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian						Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian						Late Berriasian				139.8
								Middle Berriasian				140.6 *
								Early Berriasian				142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			145
		Tithonian						Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian						Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian						Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian						Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			154.8
		Oxfordian							Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian						Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites		Late Bajocian				168.2
							Humphresianum	Late Bajocian				168.4
							Humphresianum	Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian				Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense	Late Toarcian				174.7
								Late Toarcian				180.1
								Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
						Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		Middle Toarcian				182
						Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum		Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian						Sevatian				208.5
								Alaunian				213.2 *
								Lacian				216.7 *
		Carnian						Tuvalian				227
		Carnian						Julian				233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Longobardian				237
		Ladinian						Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian						Illyrian				242
								Pelsonian				243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian						Wordian		264.28
		Roadian						Roadian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian		Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian						Wolfcampian		Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian								Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian								Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian									305.9
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †		497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †				504.5
												509