PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Ordovician of North America						Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian												Castlecliffian			Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian												Castlecliffian			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian												Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian												Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian												Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Mangapanian			Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian												Waipipian			Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean												Waipipian			Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean												Opoitian			Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian											Taranaki	Kapitean			Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian												Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian												Tongaporutuan				7.246
		Tortonian											Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian												Waiauan			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian												Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian												Lillburnian				13.82
														Clifdenian				15.1
													Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian												Altonian			Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian												Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian												Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian											Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Waitakian	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	Late Oligocene	23.03
														Duntroonian				25.2
														Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian													Kekeamuan		Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Late Eocene	33.9
													Arnold	Runangan				34.6
														Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian												Kaiatan	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian												Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian												Bortonian				41.2
													Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
														Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian												Heretaungan		Bumbanian	Early Eocene	47.8
														Mangaorapan				48.9
														Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Teurian	Gashatan		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Lancian/Edmontonian							Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian				Judithian/Aquilan								Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian												Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian											Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
														Mangaotanean				90.5
														Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian												Arowhanan				93.9
													Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
														Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												Motuan				100.5
														Urutawan				103.3
													Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian												Korangan				113
		Aptian																117.5
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian	Paadla				423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula			427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani			433.4
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian			Gamachian		443.8
		Katian				Gamachian		445.2
						Richmondian		446 *
						Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
						Edenian			450.4 *
			Mohawkian			Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian				Chatfieldian			453
						Turinian			453.7 *
			Whiterockian			Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
		Dapingian							467.3
		Dapingian		Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian		Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tulean						477.7
				Stairsian						480.3 *
				Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Skullrockian						Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10								Niuchehean		487.5
		Jiangshanian								Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian								Paibian		494
		Paibian								Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian									Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †						Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3									Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian									Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian									Jinnigian		530.7
																		538.8