PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Silurian of England		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian												11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian					33.9
		Bartonian							Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan					37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian								Bumbanian				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Gashatan					56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Lancian/Edmontonian								66
		Campanian				Judithian/Aquilan								72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian										Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
												Kawhia	Ohauan	150
													Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Callovian											Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Toarcian										Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian											Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian											Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian											Warepan	208.5
													Otamitan	217
													Oretian	221
		Carnian											Oretian	227
		Carnian										Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian											Etalian	238
		Anisian											Etalian	242
		Anisian											Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian											Nelsonian	249
		Induan											Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan										DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Dorashamian		Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian									Dorashamian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							Dzhulfian		Waiitian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							Dzhulfian		Puruhauan	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Midian	Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian			264.28								Flettian
					Barettian		266
							Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian					Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian	273.01
					Mangapirian		Kubergandian	276
							Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian						283.5
					Telfordian			285
					Telfordian		Yakhtashian	286
							Yakhtashian				288.5
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian					Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian			358.9
			Middle Famennian			365.3 *
			Early Famennian			368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			372.2
			Middle Frasnian			375.4 *
			Early Frasnian			379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			382.7
			Middle Givetian			383.7 *
			Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			410.8
			Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Whitcliffe/Leintwardine				419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Bringewood/Elton				421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood				423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian				Buildwas				426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas				427.4
		Homerian	Wych			Woolhope				428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park							439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								443.8
		Katian								445.2
		Sandbian								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian								477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10									Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian									Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian									Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian									Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		500.5							Marjumian
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4									Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3									Dyeran		514
											Montezuman		514.8 *
											Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
														538.8