PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Britain		Permian of the Russian Platform		Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6											0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Nihewanian									Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian														Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian														Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian														Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Yushean									Late Pliocene	2.58
		Zanclean					Yushean									Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean					Baodean									Early Pliocene	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian														Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Tortonian					Tunggurian										11.1
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5	Tunggurian									Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian					Shanwangian									Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian					Shanwangian									Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian					Xiejiaan										16.9
		Aquitanian					Xiejiaan										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4										Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4										Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3										Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3										Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2										Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2										Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1										Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian														Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian														Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian												Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian												Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4								Late Albian			100.5
														Middle Albian			106.2 *
														Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3								Late Aptian			113
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3								Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2								Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2								Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1								Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian												Late Berriasian			139.8
														Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
														Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6								Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian				Jurassic 6								Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5								Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian												Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian												Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian													Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4								Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian												Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian												Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3								Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												Late Toarcian			174.7
														Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
														Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2								Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1								Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1								Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4											201.4
		Norian												Sevatian			208.5
														Alaunian			213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Tuvalian	227
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	Longobardian	237
		Ladinian			Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian	242
					Pelsonian	243.8 *
					Bithynian	244.7 *
					Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian	251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4		251.902
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian							Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3			Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3			Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
								Filipovian	276.5 *
								Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian					Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
								Irginian	285.9 *
								Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian	Tastubian				Sakmarian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1	Asselian			Shikhanian	293.52
							Uskalykian	294.8
							Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5					298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5					303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5					445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10						Niuchehean			Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian						Jiangshanian			Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Jiangshanian			Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian						Paibian				494
		Paibian						Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †					Cambrian 4	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	St Davids		497
		Drumian						Cambrian 4	Drumian	Wangcunian †			500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	Wuliuan/Taijangian				504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Cambrian 3	Duyunian		Caerfai		509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Cambrian 2	Nangaoian				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Cambrian 2	Meishucunian				521
		Fortunian						Cambrian 1	Meishucunian				529
		Fortunian						Cambrian 1	Jinnigian				530.7
																	538.8