PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian Epochs	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6			Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan							Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
									Irvingtonian			0.21
											Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene				0.774
									Blancan			1.4
											Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian									Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian									Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian						Late Pliocene			Waipipian	3
		Zanclean						Early Pliocene			Waipipian	3.6
											Opoitian	3.7
									Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian									Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian										7.246
									Clarendonian			9.4
										Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5		Middle Miocene				11.63
									Barstovian			12.5
											Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian									Lillburnian	13.82
											Clifdenian	15.1
										Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene				15.98
									Hemingfordian			16.3
									Arikareean			18.5
											Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian									Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian								Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4		Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
											Duntroonian	25.2
											Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene				27.82
									Whitneyan			29.5
									Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3		Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
										Arnold	Runangan	34.6
											Kaiatan	36.7
									Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene				37.71
											Bortonian	39.1
									Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2						41.2
										Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
											Heretaungan	45.7
									Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene				47.8
											Mangaorapan	48.9
									Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
									Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
									Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1		Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian						Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene	Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian						Early Paleocene	Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian						Early Paleocene	Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
								Mangaotanean	90.5
								Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5				Arowhanan	93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
								Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4				Motuan	100.5
								Urutawan	103.3
							Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3				Korangan	113
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3					117.5
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2						273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5						Late Famennian	358.9
										Middle Famennian	365.3 *
										Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian		Devonian 4						Late Frasnian	372.2
										Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
										Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3						Late Givetian	382.7
										Middle Givetian	383.7 *
										Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian								Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Devonian 2	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Devonian 1	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian	410.8
				Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Cambrian 4	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Early Cambrian	Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3					Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					Cambrian 1	529
												538.8