PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Devonian Subages	Mesozoic Subages		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6								0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Calabrian												0.774
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5								11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3								33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3								37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2								41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1								56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8			Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7			Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6			Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					83.6
		Coniacian							Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian							Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5			Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4			Late Albian					100.5
									Middle Albian					106.2 *
									Early Albian					109.9 *
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3			Late Aptian					113
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3			Early Aptian					119.5 *
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2			Late Barremian/Early Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2			Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1			Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian							Late Berriasian					139.8
									Middle Berriasian					140.6 *
									Early Berriasian					142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6			Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Tithonian				Jurassic 6			Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5			Late Kimmeridgian					149.2
									Late Kimmeridgian			Kawhia	Ohauan	150
									Early Kimmeridgian				Ohauan	152.2 *
									Early Kimmeridgian				Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian							Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian								Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian					161.5
		Callovian							Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian							Late Bajocian					168.2
		Bajocian							Early Bajocian					168.6 *
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Late Toarcian					174.7
									Late Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan	176
									Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
									Early Toarcian					182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					184.2
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4						Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian		Sevatian	Warepan		208.5
				Alaunian			213.2 *
				Lacian			216.7 *
					Otamitan		217
					Oretian		221
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Oretian	Tuvalian	227
					Gore	Tuvalian	Kaihikuan	227.5
						Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2		Longobardian		237
						Longobardian	Etalian	238
						Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian		242
						Pelsonian		243.8 *
						Bithynian		244.7 *
						Aegean		245.5 *
						Aegean	Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1		Spathian		247.2
						Smithian		248.9 *
						Smithian	Nelsonian	249
		Induan				Dienerian		251.2
						Griesbachian		251.4 *
					DUrville	Griesbachian	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4			Makarewan	Dorashamian	251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian	Dorashamian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †				Waiitian	Dzhulfian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †				Puruhauan	Dzhulfian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian		Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian						Flettian	264.28
								Barettian	266
					Murgabian				266.2 *
		Roadian		Permian 3	Murgabian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2	Kubergandian				273.01
					Kubergandian			Mangapirian	276
					Bolorian				279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
								Telfordian	285
					Yakhtashian			Telfordian	286
					Yakhtashian				288.5
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1	Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5					298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5					303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4					307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3					323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2					330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5					Late Famennian		358.9
									Middle Famennian		365.3 *
									Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian		Devonian 4					Late Frasnian	372.2
									Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
									Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3					Late Givetian	382.7
									Middle Givetian	383.7 *
									Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian							Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian							Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2					Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian		Devonian 2					Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian		Devonian 1					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian							Late Lochkovian	410.8
									Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
									Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1						433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5						443.8
		Katian		Ordovician 5						445.2
		Sandbian		Ordovician 4						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Ordovician 3						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		Ordovician 2						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ordovician 2						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Ordovician 1						Ungurian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Cambrian 5						Batyrbaian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10										Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
										Aksaian			490.7 *
										Sakian			492.2 *
												Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian										Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		Cambrian 4				Ayusokkanian	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian											499.5
		Drumian								Zhanaarykian			500.5
		Drumian								Tuesaian			503
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3				Tuesaian	Topazan		504.5
											Topazan		505.3
											Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Waucoban †	509
										Toyonian			510 *
										Toyonian	Dyeran		511 *
										Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3				Cambrian 2							514
											Montezuman		514.8 *
										Atdabanian	Montezuman		515.6 *
										Atdabanian	Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian	521
		Stage 2						525.5
		Fortunian				Cambrian 1		529
														538.8