PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of North America					European Faunal Units	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia		Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6													0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Villanyian	Late Pliocene						2.58
		Piacenzian										Ruscinian	Late Pliocene						3.1 *
		Zanclean										Ruscinian	Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										Turolian	Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian										Turolian							7.246
		Tortonian										Vallesian							8.7
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5						Astaracian	Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian										Astaracian	Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian										Orleanian	Early Miocene						15.98
		Burdigalian										Agenian							20
		Aquitanian										Agenian							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4							Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4							Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3							Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3							Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2							Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2							Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1							Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8													66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7													72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6													83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4													100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3													113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2													121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2													125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1													132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6													145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5													149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4													165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4													168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3													174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2													184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1													192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4													201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4													208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				Triassic 1													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †															254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																	259.51
		Wordian																	264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3													266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2													273.01
		Artinskian																	283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5	Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian	365.3 *
						Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian			Devonian 4	Late Frasnian	372.2
						Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
						Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3	Late Givetian	382.7
						Middle Givetian	383.7 *
						Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian			Devonian 2	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian			Devonian 1	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Late Lochkovian	410.8
						Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2		Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma				421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare				423
		Ludfordian	Paadla				423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula				427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu				429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu				430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani				431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani		Silurian 1		433.4
		Telychian	Adavere				434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere				438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula				440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru				441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Cincinnatian		Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
							Richmondian		Pirgu	446 *
							Richmondian		Vormsi	449.6 *
							Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
							Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
							Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
					Mohawkian		Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
									Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4						Keila		Idavere †	453
							Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
									Haljala			453.9
									Kukruse			456.4 *
					Whiterockian				Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3						Uhaku				458.4
									Lasnamagi				458.9 *
				Aseri					460.4 *
				Oeland				Kunda	462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
								Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2										467.3
							Rangerian						469.1 *
							Rangerian	Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian		Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
									Latorp †					470.1 *
								Hunneberg						473.7 *
							Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1				Tulean							477.7
							Stairsian							480.3 *
							Stairsian	Varangu						481.3 *
							Skullrockian	Varangu					Demingian †	482 *
								Pakerort						482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5										Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
													Aksaian			490.7 *
													Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian														494
		Paibian													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †										Cambrian 4	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian												Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian												Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Amgan/Solvan	509
						Toyonian									Lenian †		510 *
						Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian								Cambrian 2			514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian											515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian											521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
		Fortunian				Nemakit-Daldynian								Cambrian 1	Manykaian †		529
																			538.8