PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of North America					Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of North America		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian Epochs	Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6														0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Calabrian																		0.774
		Gelasian																		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5														11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3														33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3														37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2														41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1														56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8														66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7														72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6														83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4														100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3														113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2														121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2														125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1														132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6														145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5														149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4														165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4														168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3														174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2														184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1														192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4														201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4														208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				Triassic 1														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4														251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †													Zechstein			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Capitanian				Rotliegendes			259.51
		Wordian											Wordian							264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3							Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2							Leonardian	Cathedralian						273.01
		Kungurian												Hessian						281.9 *
		Artinskian												Hessian			Autunian			283.5
		Artinskian											Wolfcampian	Lenoxian						286.1 *
		Sakmarian												Lenoxian						290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1	Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian			298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian			303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4	Middle Pennsylvanian			307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4	Early Pennsylvanian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3	Late Mississippian			323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2	Middle Mississippian			330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5				Late Famennian	358.9
									Middle Famennian	365.3 *
									Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian			Devonian 4				Late Frasnian	372.2
									Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
									Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3				Srbsko	Late Givetian	382.7
										Middle Givetian	383.7 *
										Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian							Chotec	Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian							Chotec	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2				Daleje/Zlichovian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian			Devonian 2				Daleje/Zlichovian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian			Devonian 1				Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian							Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
										Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian							415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1							433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5							Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian									Gamachian	445.2
											Richmondian	446 *
											Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Edenian		450.4 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4								Chatfieldian		453
											Turinian		453.7 *
										Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3											458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2											467.3
		Dapingian									Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian									Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1								Tulean				477.7
											Stairsian				480.3 *
											Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5								Skullrockian				Late Cambrian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10															Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian															Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian															Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian															Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †												Cambrian 4	Middle Cambrian	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		500.5											Cambrian 4		Marjumian
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †											Cambrian 3		Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †													Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Early Cambrian	Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4															Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3													Cambrian 2		Dyeran		514
																	Montezuman		514.8 *
																	Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					Cambrian 1	529
																				538.8