PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of Australia	Central Paratethys Stages	Permian of the Salt Range	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of North America	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6						Wanganui	Haweran		Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan													Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Late Pleistocene													Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian													Rancholabrean	0.129
															Irvingtonian	0.21
													Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian														0.774
															Blancan	1.4
													Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian											Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian											Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian											Waipipian			3
		Zanclean											Waipipian			3.6
													Opoitian			3.7
													Opoitian		Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian										Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian											Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian						Pannonian								7.246
															Clarendonian	9.4
												Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5		Sarmatian								11.63
								Sarmatian							Barstovian	12.5
								Badenian								12.8 *
								Badenian					Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian											Lillburnian			13.82
													Clifdenian			15.1
												Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian														15.98
															Hemingfordian	16.3
															Arikareean	18.5
													Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian											Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian										Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4				MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25		Waitakian			23.03
													Duntroonian			25.2
													Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian								MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21						27.82
															Whitneyan	29.5
															Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A					Chadronian	33.9
												Arnold	Runangan			34.6
													Kaiatan			36.7
															Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian								MP 16						37.71
													Bortonian			39.1
															Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2				MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11						41.2
												Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
													Heretaungan			45.7
															Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian								MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7						47.8
													Mangaorapan			48.9
													Mangaorapan		Wasatchian	50.5
													Waipawan		Wasatchian	52
													Waipawan		Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1				MP 6	MP 1 - 5		Teurian		Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian								MP 6					Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian													Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian													Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian													Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian		Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8		Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7			Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6			Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
							Mangaotanean				90.5
							Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5			Arowhanan				93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
							Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4			Motuan				100.5
							Urutawan				103.3
						Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3			Korangan				113
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3							117.5
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6							Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5							Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
											Kawhia	Ohauan	150
												Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Callovian										Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Toarcian						Herangi			Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2							Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2							Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1								192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4				Balfour			Otapirian	201.4
		Norian									Warepan	208.5
											Otamitan	217
											Oretian	221
		Carnian		Triassic 3							Oretian	227
		Carnian		Triassic 3				Gore			Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2							Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian									Etalian	238
		Anisian									Etalian	242
		Anisian									Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1							Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian									Nelsonian	249
		Induan									Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan						Kathwai			DUrville	Makarewan	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4				Kathwai					251.902
													252.4 *
								Chhidru					252.9 *
												Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian										Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
												Puruhauan		254.2
								Kalabagh						255 *
								Wargal						256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian										Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian												264.28
										265.3 *
										Barettian			266
								Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian		Permian 3				Amb					266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2	273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian			276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian			283.5
					Telfordian			285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1					Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5					Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian							Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4					Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian							Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian							Atokan	315.2
		Bashkirian							Morrowan	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3			Chesterian		323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2			Chesterian		330.9
							Meramecian		335.8 *
							Osagean		343.1 *
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1			Osagean		346.7
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1		Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian		Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian		Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5			Bolindian		443.8
		Katian					Bolindian		445.2
							Eastonian		449 *
							Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian		Ordovician 4			Gisbornian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Ordovician 3			Darriwilian		458.4
		Dapingian		Ordovician 2			Yapeenian		467.3
		Dapingian					Castlemainian		468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian		470
							Bendigonian		471.8 *
							Lancefieldian		473.5 *
		Tremadocian		Ordovician 1			Lancefieldian		477.7
		Tremadocian		Ordovician 1			Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †					Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian							Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3								Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								Cambrian 1	529
																538.8