PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of North America		North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous Subepochs	Central Paratethys Stages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6							Saintaugustinean			0
		Meghalayan											Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Late Pleistocene											Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian											Rancholabrean			0.129
		Chibanian											Irvingtonian			0.21
		Calabrian											Irvingtonian			0.774
		Calabrian											Blancan			1.4
		Gelasian														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
		Zanclean														3.6
		Zanclean											Hemphillian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian													Pannonian	7.246
		Tortonian											Clarendonian		Pannonian	9.4
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5							Clarendonian		Sarmatian	11.63
													Barstovian		Sarmatian	12.5
															Badenian	12.8 *
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
													Hemingfordian			16.3
													Arikareean			18.5
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4										23.03
		Rupelian														27.82
													Whitneyan			29.5
													Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3							Chadronian			33.9
		Priabonian											Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian											Duchesnean			37.71
		Bartonian											Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2							Uintan			41.2
		Lutetian											Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian											Bridgerian			47.8
													Wasatchian			50.5
													Clarkforkian			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1							Clarkforkian			56
		Thanetian											Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian											Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian											Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian											Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian											Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8								Senonian		66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7										72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6										83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4								Gallic		100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3										113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2										121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2								Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1										132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6										145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5										149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4										165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4										168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3										174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian		Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian		Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5		Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian					Rawtheyan	445.2
							Cautleyan	448.9 *
			Pusgillian				449.3 *
			Caradoc			Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
						Cheneyan		451.5 *
						Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian		Ordovician 4				453
							Actonian †	453.2 *
							Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
							Longvillian †		455.2 *
						Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
						Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian	Ordovician 3			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian		Arenig		Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Fennian			470
						Whitlandian			471.1 *
						Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Tremadoc		Migneintian			477.7
				Tremadoc		Cressagian			480.8 *
									485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10									Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian									Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian									Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian									Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †						Cambrian 4	Marjumian	Albertian †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian							Cambrian 4	Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †				Cambrian 3	Topazan			504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †					Delamaran			506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Delamaran	Waucoban †	Early Cambrian	509
		Stage 4								Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3							Cambrian 2	Dyeran			514
										Montezuman			514.8 *
										Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian							Cambrian 1				529
																538.8