PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian of North America			Mesozoic Subages		Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6												0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Calabrian																0.774
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5												11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3												33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3												37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2												41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1												56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7							Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6							Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					83.6
		Coniacian											Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian											Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5							Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4							Late Albian					100.5
													Middle Albian					106.2 *
													Early Albian					109.9 *
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3							Late Aptian					113
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3							Early Aptian					119.5 *
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2							Late Barremian/Early Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1							Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian											Late Berriasian					139.8
													Middle Berriasian					140.6 *
													Early Berriasian					142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6							Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				145
		Tithonian				Jurassic 6							Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5							Late Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Kimmeridgian											Early Kimmeridgian					152.2 *
		Oxfordian											Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				154.8
		Oxfordian												Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian				157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4							Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian											Late Bajocian					168.2
		Bajocian											Early Bajocian					168.6 *
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3							Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											Late Toarcian					174.7
													Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
													Early Toarcian					182.9 *
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2							Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1							Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1							Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4												201.4
		Norian											Sevatian					208.5
													Alaunian					213.2 *
													Lacian					216.7 *
		Carnian				Triassic 3							Tuvalian					227
		Carnian				Triassic 3							Julian					233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	Longobardian	237
		Ladinian			Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian	242
					Pelsonian	243.8 *
					Bithynian	244.7 *
					Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian	251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5			Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	Middle Mississippian			330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	Southwoodian				Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1						407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2						Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli								Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1							Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5									Harju	Porkuni		443.8
		Katian											Pirgu		445.2
													Vormsi	449.6 *
													Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
												Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
													Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4										Keila	Idavere †	453
													Haljala		453.9
													Kukruse		456.4 *
													Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3										Uhaku		458.4
													Lasnamagi		458.9 *
													Aseri		460.4 *
												Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
													Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
													Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2										Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian											Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian														470
														Latorp †		470.1 *
													Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1										Hunneberg			477.7
													Varangu			481.3 *
													Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5										Pakerort			485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
		Paibian														494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Cambrian 4											497
		Guzhangian														Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Cambrian 3										Branchian	509
		Stage 3				Cambrian 2										Branchian	514
		Stage 3														Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				Cambrian 1											529
																		538.8