PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Mesozoic Subages		Devonian of France	Cambrian of Siberia			Carboniferous of North America	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		European Faunal Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6								Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian													Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian													Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian													Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												Mangapanian	Villanyian	2.58
															Waipipian	Villanyian	3
																Ruscinian	3.1 *
		Zanclean															3.6
		Zanclean													Opoitian		3.7
	Miocene	Messinian												Taranaki	Kapitean	Turolian	5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian															7.246
																Vallesian	8.7
														Southland	Waiauan	Vallesian	11.04
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5									Waiauan	Astaracian	11.63
		Serravallian													Lillburnian		13.05
		Langhian													Lillburnian		13.82
															Clifdenian		15.1
														Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian													Altonian	Orleanian	15.98
															Otaian	Orleanian	18.7
																Agenian	20
		Aquitanian															20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian		21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4									Waitakian		23.03
															Duntroonian		25.2
															Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3											33.9
														Arnold	Runangan		34.6
															Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian													Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian													Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2									Bortonian		41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
															Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian													Heretaungan		47.8
															Mangaorapan		48.9
															Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1									Teurian		56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian							Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian								Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian							Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian					Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian					Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian										89.8
															Mangaotanean		90.5
															Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian								Arowhanan		93.9
														Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
															Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4	Late Albian								Motuan		100.5
							Late Albian								Urutawan		103.3
							Middle Albian								Urutawan		106.2 *
							Middle Albian							Taitai	Korangan		108.4
							Early Albian										109.9 *
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3	Late Aptian	113
					Late Aptian		117.5
					Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2	Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1	Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian			Late Berriasian		139.8
					Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
					Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6	Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian		Jurassic 6	Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5	Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Kimmeridgian			Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4	Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian				168.2
		Bajocian			Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3	Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian				174.7
					Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
					Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian			Sevatian				208.5
					Alaunian				213.2 *
					Lacian				216.7 *
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Tuvalian				227
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Julian				233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	Longobardian				237
		Ladinian			Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian				242
					Pelsonian				243.8 *
					Bithynian				244.7 *
					Aegean				245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	Spathian				247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian				248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian				251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian				251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2						273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	Bursumian †						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	Virgilian						298.9
		Kasimovian		Missourian						303.7
		Kasimovian		Desmoinesian						305.9 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	Desmoinesian						307
		Moscovian		Atokan						312.7 *
		Bashkirian		Atokan						315.2
		Bashkirian		Morrowan						318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	Chesterian						323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	Chesterian						330.9
				Meramecian						335.8 *
				Osagean						343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Osagean						346.7
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kinderhookian						351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	Famennian							Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian					365.3 *
						Early Famennian					368.5 *
		Frasnian	Devonian 4	Frasnian		Late Frasnian					372.2
						Middle Frasnian					375.4 *
						Early Frasnian					379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	Givetian		Late Givetian					382.7
						Middle Givetian					383.7 *
						Early Givetian					385.9 *
		Eifelian		Couvinien		Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			Late Emsian		393.3
		Emsian	Devonian 2			Early Emsian		398.3 *
		Pragian	Devonian 1			Pragian		407.6
		Pragian		Coblencien		Pragian		408.2 *
		Lochkovian		Gedinnine		Late Lochkovian	410.8
						Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1				433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5				445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2				470
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1				477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1				Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5				Batyrbaian	Tavgian †			Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian					Batyrbaian					489.5
							Aksaian					490.7 *
							Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian										494
		Paibian									Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †				Cambrian 4	Ayusokkanian					497
								Ayusokkanian					Arcadian	498.4
					Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian			Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Amgan/Solvan	Branchian				509
								Toyonian			Lenian †		510 *
								Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3					Cambrian 2	Botomian					514
								Atdabanian					515.6 *
								Atdabanian	Placentian				517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian					521
		Stage 2						Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian					Cambrian 1	Nemakit-Daldynian			Manykaian †		529
																	538.8