PBDB Timescale

South American Land Mammal Ages

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 13 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1176 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			South American Land Mammal Ages		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian					0.0042
		Greenlandian					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Lujanian				0.0117
		Chibanian	Lujanian				0.129
			Ensenadan				0.3 *
						Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian				Castlecliffian	0.774
						Nukumaruan	1.63
			Sanandresian	Uquian †			1.7 *
		Gelasian					1.8
		Gelasian				Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Vorohuean				2.58
			Chapadmalalan				2.9 *
						Waipipian	3
		Zanclean				Waipipian	3.6
			Montehermosan			Opoitian	3.7 *
			Huayquerian			Opoitian	4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian			Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian				Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian					7.246
			Chasicoan				7.9 *
			Mayoan				9.9 *
			Laventan				10.9 *
					Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian				Waiauan	11.63
						Lillburnian	13.05
			Colloncuran				13.7 *
		Langhian					13.82
						Clifdenian	15.1
			Friasian			Clifdenian	15.4 *
					Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian					15.98
			Santacrucian				16.2 *
			Colhuehuapian				17.4 *
						Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian					20.44
			Deseadan				20.9 *
					Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Waitakian	23.03
						Duntroonian	25.2
						Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian					27.82
		Rupelian	Tinguirirican				28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian					33.9
					Arnold	Runangan	34.6
			Divisaderan			Runangan	35.9 *
						Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian				Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian				Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian					41.2
			Mustersan				41.9 *
					Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
						Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian					47.8
			Casamayoran				47.9 *
						Mangaorapan	48.9
						Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Riochican			Teurian	56
			Itaboraian				56.9 *
			Peligran				58.9 *
		Selandian					59.2
		Danian					61.6
		Danian	Tiupampan				62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
						Mangaotanean	90.5
						Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan	93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan	100.5
						Urutawan	103.3
				Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Korangan	113
		Aptian				117.5
		Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian				139.8
							145