North American Mammal Subages/Zones
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
There are 13 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 1028 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | North American Mammal Subages/Zones | Obsolete Names for ICS Units | European Faunal Zones | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | Central Paratethys Stages | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | |||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Sheridanian | Nihewanian | 0.0117 | ||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Cudahyan/Sappan | 0.21 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Senecan/Rexroadian | 1.4 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | ||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Tertiary † | MN 16 | Yushean | 2.58 | ||||
| MN 15 | 3.2 | |||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| MN 14 | 4.2 | |||||||||
| Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
| MN 13 | Baodean | 4.9 | ||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | MN 12 | Pannonian | 7.246 | |||||||
| MN 11 | 7.75 | |||||||||
| MN 10 | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
| MN 9 | 9.7 | |||||||||
| MN 7 + 8 | Tunggurian | 11.1 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | Sarmatian | 11.63 | ||||||||
| late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
| MN 6 | Badenian | 12.8 * | ||||||||
| Langhian | MN 5 | Shanwangian | 13.82 | |||||||
| Burdigalian | MN 4 | 15.98 | ||||||||
| Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
| MN 3 | Xiejiaan | 16.9 | ||||||||
| late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean | Harrisonian | 18.5 | ||||||||
| MN 2 | 20 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| MN 1 | 22.4 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||||
| Monroecreekian | 23.1 * | |||||||||
| Geringian | 24.7 * | |||||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
| 29.5 | ||||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian | 33.9 | |||||||
| 37 | ||||||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Late Uintan/Early Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Cf3/Cf2/Cf1 | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||||
| Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1 | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| To3/To2/To1 | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Pu3/Pu2/Pu1 | 63.8 | |||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||