PBDB Timescale

North American Land Mammal Ages

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 13 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 7507 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			North American Land Mammal Ages	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Saintaugustinean			Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan	Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian	Rancholabrean					0.129
			Irvingtonian					0.21
							Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian						0.774
			Blancan					1.4
							Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian	3
		Zanclean					Waipipian	3.6
							Opoitian	3.7
			Hemphillian				Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian						7.246
			Clarendonian					9.4
						Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian						11.63
			Barstovian					12.5
							Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian	13.82
							Clifdenian	15.1
						Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian						15.98
			Hemingfordian					16.3
			Arikareean					18.5
							Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian		Waitakian	23.03
							Duntroonian	25.2
							Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian		Kekeamuan				27.82
			Whitneyan					29.5
			Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian	Chadronian	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
						Arnold	Runangan	34.6
							Kaiatan	36.7
			Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
							Bortonian	39.1
			Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian						41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
							Heretaungan	45.7
			Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian			Bumbanian			47.8
							Mangaorapan	48.9
			Wasatchian				Mangaorapan	50.5
			Wasatchian				Waipawan	52
			Clarkforkian				Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Clarkforkian	Gashatan			Teurian	56
		Thanetian	Tiffanian	Gashatan				56.2
		Selandian	Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian	Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian	Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian	Puercan					63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
								145