The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

• A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
• M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
• M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
• P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view

There are 13 timescales which overlap this one. show

• Cenozoic Subepochs
• Obsolete Names for ICS Units
• Ten Million Year Bins
• European Faunal Units
• European Faunal Zones
• Mammal Paleogene Zones
• Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe
• Central Paratethys Stages
• Neogene Mammal Ages of China
• Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
• North American Mammal Subages/Zones
• South American Land Mammal Ages
• Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 7507 collections