PBDB Timescale

Neogene Mammal Ages of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 11 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 31 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Central Paratethys Stages	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran						0
		Meghalayan		Santarosean								0.0004
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian				Sheridanian					0.0117
		Late Pleistocene		Rancholabrean								0.014
		Chibanian		Rancholabrean								0.129
				Irvingtonian			Cudahyan/Sappan					0.21
						Castlecliffian						0.34
		Calabrian										0.774
				Blancan			Senecan/Rexroadian					1.4
						Nukumaruan						1.63
		Gelasian				Nukumaruan					MN 17	1.8
		Gelasian				Mangapanian					MN 17	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Yushean			Mangapanian					MN 16	2.58
						Waipipian					MN 16	3
											MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean										3.6
						Opoitian						3.7
											MN 14	4.2
				Hemphillian			Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian				MN 14	4.7
			Baodean								MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian			Taranaki	Kapitean						5.333
		Messinian				Tongaporutuan						7.2
		Tortonian								Pannonian	MN 12	7.246
											MN 11	7.75
											MN 10	8.7
				Clarendonian			Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian				MN 10	9.4
											MN 9	9.7
					Southland	Waiauan					MN 9	11.04
			Tunggurian								MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian								Sarmatian		11.63
				Barstovian			late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian			Sarmatian		12.5
										Badenian	MN 6	12.8 *
						Lillburnian				Badenian	MN 6	13.05
		Langhian	Shanwangian			Lillburnian					MN 5	13.82
						Clifdenian						15.1
					Pareora	Altonian						15.9
		Burdigalian									MN 4	15.98
				Hemingfordian			Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian				MN 4	16.3
			Xiejiaan	Hemingfordian			Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian				MN 3	16.9
				Arikareean			late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian				18.5
						Otaian						18.7
											MN 2	20
		Aquitanian										20.44
					Landon	Waitakian						21.7
											MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
								Monroecreekian				23.1 *
								Geringian				24.7 *
						Duntroonian						25.2
						Whaingaroan						27.3
		Rupelian										27.82
				Whitneyan								29.5
				Orellan								31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian		Chadronian			Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian					33.9
					Arnold	Runangan						34.6
						Kaiatan						36.7
				Duchesnean								37
		Bartonian										37.71
						Bortonian						39.1
				Uintan			Late Uintan/Early Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian										41.2
					Dannevirke	Porangan						42.6
						Heretaungan			45.7
				Bridgerian			Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian		46.2
		Ypresian							47.8
						Mangaorapan			48.9
				Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean		50.5
				Wasatchian		Waipawan	Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean		52
				Clarkforkian		Waipawan			Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Clarkforkian		Teurian			Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			56
		Thanetian		Tiffanian					Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1			56.2
		Selandian		Tiffanian					Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1			59.2
		Selandian		Torrejonian					To3/To2/To1			60.9
		Danian		Torrejonian					To3/To2/To1			61.6
		Danian		Puercan					Pu3/Pu2/Pu1			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian						66
		Campanian				Haumurian						72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan						83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan						86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
						Mangaotanean						90.5
						Arowhanan						93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan						93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian						95.2
						Motuan						99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan						100.5
						Urutawan						103.3
					Taitai	Korangan						108.4
		Aptian				Korangan						113
		Aptian										117.5
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
												145