PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of North America						Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of Australia	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of Britain
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Tertiary †																						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																								5.333
		Tortonian																								7.246
		Serravallian																								11.63
		Langhian																								13.82
		Burdigalian																								15.98
		Aquitanian																								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																								33.9
		Bartonian																								37.71
		Lutetian																								41.2
		Ypresian																								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																								56
		Selandian																								59.2
		Danian																								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																								66
		Campanian																								72.1
		Santonian																								83.6
		Coniacian																								86.3
		Turonian																								89.8
		Cenomanian																								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																								100.5
		Aptian																								113
		Barremian																								121.4
		Hauterivian																								125.77
		Valanginian																								132.6
		Berriasian																								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																								145
		Kimmeridgian																								149.2
		Oxfordian																								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																								161.5
		Bathonian																								165.3
		Bajocian																								168.2
		Aalenian																								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																								174.7
		Pliensbachian																								184.2
		Sinemurian																								192.9
		Hettangian																								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																								201.4
		Norian																								208.5
		Carnian																								227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																								237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																								242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																								247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																								251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †																					254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																								259.51
		Wordian																								264.28
		Roadian																								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																								273.01
		Artinskian																								283.5
		Sakmarian																								290.1
		Asselian																								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																								298.9
		Kasimovian																								303.7
		Moscovian																								307
		Bashkirian																								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																								323.2
		Visean																								330.9
		Tournaisian																								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian			Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian				Gamachian		Pirgu		Rawtheyan	445.2
						Richmondian				Rawtheyan	446 *
				Cautleyan						448.9 *
				Pusgillian						449.3 *
				Vormsi				Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Vormsi		Maysvillian					Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Nabala		Maysvillian						Johvi †	450 *
				Nabala		Edenian							450.4 *
				Viru		Edenian	Rakvere						450.6 *
			Mohawkian			Chatfieldian							451.1 *
									Cheneyan				451.5 *
							Oandu		Cheneyan				452 *
							Oandu		Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian					Keila					Idavere †	453
										Actonian †			453.2 *
						Turinian							453.7 *
							Haljala						453.9
										Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †				455.2 *
							Kukruse							456.4 *
									Aurelucian					456.8 *
			Whiterockian								Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
										Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
							Uhaku			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn						458.4
							Lasnamagi								458.9 *
							Aseri								460.4 *
							Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn						461.3 *
				Oeland			Kunda								462.9 *
							Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
							Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian														467.3
								Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
						Rangerian										469.1 *
					Billingen	Rangerian	469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian			Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †							Cassinian †		470
												Latorp †				470.1 *
									Whitlandian							471.1 *
					Hunneberg											473.7 *
						Tulean										473.9 *
									Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian						Tremadoc	Migneintian							477.7
						Stairsian			Migneintian							480.3 *
									Cressagian							480.8 *
					Varangu											481.3 *
					Varangu	Skullrockian								Demingian †		482 *
					Pakerort											482.2 *
																Mansian †	483.55 *
																Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Late Cambrian									Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																						486.3 *
																						486.5
																			Payntonian			486.8 *
																						487.5
																					Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																	Iverian			489.5
																Aksaian						490.7 *
																Sakian						492.2 *
																					Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian																	Idamean			494
		Paibian																Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Idamean			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian									Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian			Mindyallan	St Davids		497
																				Mindyallan			Arcadian	498.4
																				Boomerangian				499
																	Mayan/Menevian			Boomerangian				499.5
		Drumian																		Undillan				500.5
		Drumian																		Floran				503
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan				Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †							Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian														Branchian		Caerfai		509
																		Toyonian		Lenian †					510 *
																		Toyonian							510.8 *
																		Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3																Botomian							514
																		Atdabanian							515.6 *
																		Atdabanian			Placentian				517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																Tommotian							521
		Stage 2																Nemakit-Daldynian							525.5
		Fortunian																Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †					529
																										538.8