PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of Britain				Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Tertiary †										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †									254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian																		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																		273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian																		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																		298.9
		Kasimovian																		303.7
		Moscovian																		307
		Bashkirian																		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																		323.2
		Visean																		330.9
		Tournaisian																		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan		Gamachian	445.2
				Rawtheyan		Richmondian	446 *
				Cautleyan			448.9 *
				Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
						Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
						Edenian			450.4 *
					Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
				Cheneyan					451.5 *
				Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
							Actonian †		453.2 *
						Turinian	Actonian †		453.7 *
							Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
							Longvillian †			455.2 *
				Aurelucian						456.8 *
					Whiterockian			Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
							Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								467.3
			Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
						Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
				Whitlandian		Blackhillsian							471.1 *
				Whitlandian		Tulean							473.9 *
				Moridunian									474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian									Ungurian	477.7
				Migneintian		Stairsian								480.3 *
				Cressagian		Stairsian								480.8 *
				Cressagian		Skullrockian						Demingian †		482 *
												Demingian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian		Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
					Sunwaptan							Dolgellian/Trempealeauan						487.5
											Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										Jiangshanian			489.5
														Aksaian	490.7 *
														Sakian	492.2 *
					Steptoean										493 *
											Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian										Paibian			494
		Paibian										Paibian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Middle Cambrian			St Davids			Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		497
		Guzhangian													Guzhangian			499.5
		Drumian												Zhanaarykian	Drumian			500.5
		Drumian												Tuesaian	Drumian			503
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †		Tuesaian	Topazan	Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
															Topazan				505.3
															Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Early Cambrian			Caerfai					Waucoban †			Duyunian			509
														Toyonian					510 *
														Toyonian	Dyeran				511 *
														Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3														Nangaoian			514
															Montezuman				514.8 *
														Atdabanian	Montezuman				515.6 *
														Atdabanian	Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian		Meishucunian			521
		Stage 2																	525.5
		Fortunian																	529
		Fortunian														Jinnigian			530.7
																				538.8