PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian															Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian																		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																		273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian																		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																		298.9
		Kasimovian																		303.7
		Moscovian																		307
		Bashkirian																		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																		323.2
		Visean																		330.9
		Tournaisian																		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Pirgu	445.2
				Vormsi	449.6 *
				Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
			Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
				Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian		Keila	Idavere †	453
				Haljala		453.9
				Kukruse		456.4 *
				Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku		458.4
				Lasnamagi		458.9 *
				Aseri		460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
				Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
				Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian		Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
					Latorp †		470.1 *
				Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg			Ungurian	477.7
				Varangu				481.3 *
				Pakerort				482.2 *
								Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Late Cambrian		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
												Payntonian			486.8 *
															Sunwaptan	487.5
														Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										Iverian				489.5
								Aksaian	Aksaian							490.7 *
								Sakian	Sakian							492.2 *
															Steptoean	493 *
														Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian										Idamean				494
		Paibian									Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Idamean				494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Middle Cambrian		Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian	Ayusokkanian			Mindyallan	St Davids		Series 3 †	497
													Mindyallan				Arcadian	498.4
													Boomerangian					499
										Mayan/Menevian			Boomerangian					499.5
		Drumian							Zhanaarykian				Undillan					500.5
		Drumian							Tuesaian				Floran					503
		Wuliuan					Topazan		Tuesaian	Amgan/Solvan			Templetonian					Stage 5 †	504.5
							Topazan												505.3
							Delamaran												506.5
													Ordian						507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Early Cambrian			Waucoban †						Branchian		Caerfai			509
									Toyonian	Toyonian	Lenian †								510 *
																			510.8 *
							Dyeran												511 *
									Botomian	Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3																	514
							Montezuman												514.8 *
									Atdabanian	Atdabanian									515.6 *
														Placentian					517.1
							Begadean												519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian	Tommotian									521
		Stage 2								Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian								Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †								529
																				538.8