PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of North America		Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of Siberia			Cambrian of Australia	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of North America			Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																					Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																							5.333
		Tortonian																							7.246
		Serravallian																							11.63
		Langhian																							13.82
		Burdigalian																							15.98
		Aquitanian																							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																							33.9
		Bartonian																							37.71
		Lutetian																							41.2
		Ypresian																							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																							56
		Selandian																							59.2
		Danian																							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																							66
		Campanian																							72.1
		Santonian																							83.6
		Coniacian																							86.3
		Turonian																							89.8
		Cenomanian																							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																							100.5
		Aptian																							113
		Barremian																							121.4
		Hauterivian																							125.77
		Valanginian																							132.6
		Berriasian																							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																							145
		Kimmeridgian																							149.2
		Oxfordian																							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																							161.5
		Bathonian																							165.3
		Bajocian																							168.2
		Aalenian																							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																							174.7
		Pliensbachian																							184.2
		Sinemurian																							192.9
		Hettangian																							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																							201.4
		Norian																							208.5
		Carnian																							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																							259.51
		Wordian																							264.28
		Roadian																							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																							273.01
		Artinskian																							283.5
		Sakmarian																							290.1
		Asselian																							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																							298.9
		Kasimovian																							303.7
		Moscovian																							307
		Bashkirian																							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																							323.2
		Visean																							330.9
		Tournaisian																							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Pirgu		Rawtheyan		Gamachian	445.2
						Rawtheyan		Richmondian	446 *
						Cautleyan			448.9 *
						Pusgillian			449.3 *
				Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
				Vormsi				Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Nabala				Maysvillian			Johvi †	450 *
				Nabala				Edenian				450.4 *
			Viru	Rakvere				Edenian				450.6 *
							Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
						Cheneyan						451.5 *
				Oandu		Cheneyan						452 *
				Oandu		Burrellian						452.7 *
		Sandbian		Keila							Idavere †	453
									Actonian †			453.2 *
								Turinian				453.7 *
				Haljala								453.9
									Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †				455.2 *
				Kukruse									456.4 *
						Aurelucian							456.8 *
							Whiterockian			Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
				Uhaku					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
				Lasnamagi										458.9 *
				Aseri										460.4 *
				Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
			Oeland	Kunda										462.9 *
				Kunda							Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
				Volkhov										Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian													467.3
					Arenig	Fennian									468.4 *
								Rangerian							469.1 *
				Billingen				Rangerian							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
											Latorp †					470.1 *
						Whitlandian										471.1 *
				Hunneberg												473.7 *
								Tulean								473.9 *
						Moridunian										474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadoc	Migneintian										477.7
						Migneintian		Stairsian								480.3 *
						Cressagian										480.8 *
				Varangu												481.3 *
				Varangu				Skullrockian							Demingian †	482 *
				Pakerort												482.2 *
																Mansian †	483.55 *
																Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Late Cambrian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Datsonian	485.4
																					486.3 *
																					486.5
																				Payntonian	486.8 *
							Sunwaptan															487.5
																Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																		Iverian		489.5
																	Aksaian					490.7 *
																	Sakian					492.2 *
							Steptoean															493 *
																Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian																		Idamean		494
		Paibian																	Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Idamean		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian			Marjumian	Albertian †				St Davids		Ayusokkanian			Mindyallan		Series 3 †	497
																	Ayusokkanian			Boomerangian			499
																	Mayan/Menevian			Boomerangian			499.5
		Drumian																		Undillan			500.5
		Drumian																		Floran			503
		Wuliuan								Topazan							Amgan/Solvan			Templetonian			Stage 5 †	504.5
										Delamaran										Templetonian				506.5
																				Ordian				507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian				Waucoban †				Caerfai									509
																	Toyonian	Lenian †						510 *
																								510.8 *
										Dyeran														511 *
																	Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3																						514
										Montezuman														514.8 *
										Montezuman							Atdabanian							515.6 *
										Begadean							Atdabanian							519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															Tommotian							521
		Stage 2															Nemakit-Daldynian							525.5
		Fortunian															Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †						529
																									538.8