PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of China		Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																			Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																						5.333
		Tortonian																						7.246
		Serravallian																						11.63
		Langhian																						13.82
		Burdigalian																						15.98
		Aquitanian																						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																						33.9
		Bartonian																						37.71
		Lutetian																						41.2
		Ypresian																						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																						56
		Selandian																						59.2
		Danian																						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																						66
		Campanian																						72.1
		Santonian																						83.6
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
		Cenomanian																						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																						100.5
		Aptian																						113
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian																						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																						145
		Kimmeridgian																						149.2
		Oxfordian																						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																						161.5
		Bathonian																						165.3
		Bajocian																						168.2
		Aalenian																						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																						174.7
		Pliensbachian																						184.2
		Sinemurian																						192.9
		Hettangian																						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																						201.4
		Norian																						208.5
		Carnian																						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																				Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																						259.51
		Wordian																						264.28
		Roadian																						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																						273.01
		Artinskian																						283.5
		Sakmarian																						290.1
		Asselian																						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																						298.9
		Kasimovian																						303.7
		Moscovian																						307
		Bashkirian																						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																						323.2
		Visean																						330.9
		Tournaisian																						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan		Pirgu	445.2
				Cautleyan			448.9 *
				Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian		Onnian †	Vormsi	449.6 *
							Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
					Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
				Cheneyan			Rakvere		451.5 *
				Cheneyan			Oandu		452 *
				Burrellian			Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian					Keila	Idavere †	453
						Actonian †	Keila		453.2 *
						Actonian †	Haljala		453.9
						Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †				455.2 *
							Kukruse			456.4 *
				Aurelucian						456.8 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Uhaku			458.4
							Lasnamagi			458.9 *
							Aseri			460.4 *
				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Aseri			461.3 *
					Oeland		Kunda			462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
							Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian									467.3
			Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
							Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
								Latorp †			470.1 *
				Whitlandian							471.1 *
				Whitlandian			Hunneberg				473.7 *
				Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian							Ungurian	477.7
				Cressagian								480.8 *
							Varangu					481.3 *
							Pakerort					482.2 *
												Mansian †	483.55 *
												Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian			Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																				486.3 *
																				486.5
																	Payntonian			486.8 *
																	Payntonian		Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian												Jiangshanian			Iverian			489.5
											Aksaian					Aksaian				490.7 *
											Sakian					Sakian				492.2 *
																			Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian												Paibian			Idamean			494
													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian							494.7 *
													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		Waergangian †/Youshuanian					494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Middle Cambrian			Ayusokkanian			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian	Mindyallan	St Davids		Series 3 †	497
																	Mindyallan				Arcadian	498.4
																	Boomerangian					499
											Mayan/Menevian						Boomerangian					499.5
		Drumian												Drumian		Zhanaarykian	Undillan					500.5
		Drumian												Drumian		Tuesaian	Floran					503
		Wuliuan									Amgan/Solvan			Wuliuan/Taijangian		Tuesaian	Templetonian					Stage 5 †	504.5
																	Templetonian						505.3
																	Ordian						507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4						Early Cambrian						Duyunian				Branchian		Caerfai			509
											Toyonian	Lenian †				Toyonian							510 *
											Toyonian					Toyonian							510.8 *
											Botomian					Botomian							512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian			Nangaoian		Botomian							514
											Atdabanian					Atdabanian							515.6 *
											Atdabanian					Atdabanian		Placentian					517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian			Meishucunian		Tommotian							521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian												525.5
		Fortunian										Manykaian †											529
		Fortunian										Manykaian †		Jinnigian									530.7
																								538.8